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| An analysis on the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 15 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in Jiaxing City |
| QI Yun-peng,GU Wei-ling,FU Xiao-fei,XIE Liang,ZHA Yi-wei,ZHOU Wan-ling
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| The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiaxing City,Jiaxing,Zhejiang,314050,China |
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Abstract Objective To analyze the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of human avian influenza A (H7N9) epidemic in Jiaxing City,and to provide scientific basis for the control and prevention of the disease.Methods The epidemiological and clinical information of 15 cases of human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) reported from April, 2013 to May, 2015 were collected.Sample of patients and external environmental samples of suspected exposure were collected and detected by real-time PCR.The epidemic distribution and clinical characteristics were analyzed.Results Fifteen cases of human infection with H7N9 were confirmed from April,2013 to May,2015, including 11 cases of death (77.33%). The confirmed cases mostly reported in winter and spring, and 9 confirmed cases were over 60 years, and male case proportion was higher than women (1.5∶1). Most of cases (66.67%) were sporadic and occurred in rural areas, but no epidemiological association was observed among the cases. Fever (100%), cough (66.67%), and wheezing and tightness in chest (33.33%) were common initial symptoms. The chest imaging examination of patients showed ground glass opacity and patchy consolidation, and 7 cases had simple pleural effusion. Twelve of confirmed cases had other chronic diseases.Eleven cases of death had appeared multiple medical comorbidities, such as respiratory failure (6/11), pulmonary embolism (4/11), multiple systemic organ failure (3/11), and heart cerebrovascular embolization (2/11). Twelve cases had been exposed to the live poultry markets where the positive rate of novel influenza A (H7N9) virus in environmental specimens was 7.69% (25/325). One of the 252 close contacts to confirmed cases appeared mild flu-like symptoms. No positive result related to novel influenza A (H7N9) virus nucleic acid was detected from each close contact's throat swabs.Conclusion Human infections with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus showed obvious seasonal distribution in Jiaxing. Elderly men, especially those with chronic diseases were the high risk people of human infection with H7N9 avian influenza.The infection might be associated with the exposure to live birds. Standard management of live poultry markets is the key measure in preventing and controlling H7N9 virus infection among population.
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Published: 26 December 2017
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