Effect of lifestyle behaviors on myopia among primary and middle school students: a latent class analysis
LI Xiaoyong1, SUN Qiang1, GONG Qinghai2
1. Department of Health Education and Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315100, China; 2. Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China
Abstract:Objective To examine the effect of lifestyle behaviors on myopia among primary and middle school students in Yinzhou District, Ningbo City using latent class analysis, so as to provide insights into prevention of myopia among primary and middle school students. Methods A total of 1 547 students were sampled from primary and middle schools in Yinzhou District using a stratified cluster sampling method. Myopia-associated lifestyle behaviors were collected using questionnaires, and visual acuity was tested. Myopia-associated lifestyle behaviors were subjected to latent class analysis among primary and middle school students, and the association between lifestyle behaviors and risk of myopia was examined using a logistic regression model. Results A total of 1 547 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 494 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 96.57%. There were 247 primary school students (16.53%), 452 junior high school students (30.25%), 532 senior high school students (35.61%) and 263 vocational high school students (17.60%), and 773 men (51.74%) and 721 women (48.26%). Latent class analysis showed that students' lifestyle behaviors were classified into three groups, including the healthy behavior group (37.68%), reading and writing fatigue group (42.64%), and video fatigue and poor diet group (19.68%), with myopia prevalence of 79.22%, 88.38% and 86.73%, respectively. Moderate myopia was predominant in the reading and writing fatigue group and video fatigue and poor diet group, and low myopia was predominant in the healthy behavior group. A higher risk of myopia was found in the reading and writing fatigue group (OR=1.996, 95%CI: 1.454-2.739) and video fatigue and poor diet group (OR=1.715, 95%CI: 1.157-2.543) than in the healthy behavior group. Conclusions Long reading and writing duration, insufficient exercise and sleep, long video watching duration, and high intake frequency of sugary drinks and fried foods may increase the risk of myopia in primary and middle school students in Yinzhou District. Targeted myopia interventions are required tailored to different categories of lifestyle behaviors.
李小勇, 孙强, 龚清海. 鄞州区中小学生行为生活方式对近视影响的潜在类别分析[J]. 预防医学, 2023, 35(12): 1043-1047, 1052.
LI Xiaoyong, SUN Qiang, GONG Qinghai. Effect of lifestyle behaviors on myopia among primary and middle school students: a latent class analysis. Preventive Medicine, 2023, 35(12): 1043-1047, 1052.
[1] World Health Organization.World report on vision[R/OL].[2023-10-25].https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241516570. [2] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会. 2020年我国儿童青少年总体近视率为52.7%近视低龄化问题仍突出[EB/OL].[2023-10-25].https://www.gov.cn/xinwen/2021-07/13/content_5624709.htm. [3] LIU X N,NADUVILATH T J,WANG J,et al.Sleeping late is a risk factor for myopia development amongst school-aged children in China[J/OL].Sci Rep,2020,10(1)[2023-10-25].https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74348-7. [4] 高华,易波,张琰,等.宁波市初中学生近视流行现况调查[J].预防医学,2021,33(5):522-525,528. [5] 黄坤,李秀红.青少年近视的影响因素研究进展[J].预防医学,2020,32(6):578-582. [6] 张洁婷,焦璨,张敏强.潜在类别分析技术在心理学研究中的应用[J].心理科学进展,2010,18(12):1991-1998. [7] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会.《儿童青少年近视防控适宜技术指南(更新版)》及解读[EB/OL].[2023-10-25].https://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s5899tg/202110/65a3a99c42a84e3f8a11f392d9fea91e.shtml. [8] 张丹青. 儿童青少年身体活动与其学业成绩和学业压力的相关研究[D].上海:上海体育学院,2020:17. [9] 徐燕,叶剑,孙强,等.重庆市城区小学生近视及影响因素分析[J].中国实用眼科杂志,2014,32(4):517-520. [10] LI M,WANG W,ZHU B,et al.A latent class analysis of student eye care behavior:evidence from a sample of 6-17 years old in China[J/OL].Front Public Health,2022,10[2023-10-25].https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.914592. [11] TANITO M,OBANA A,GOHTO Y,et al.Macular pigment density changes in Japanese individuals supplemented with lutein or zeaxanthin:quantification via resonance Raman spectrophotometry and autofluorescence imaging[J].Jpn J Ophthalmol,2012,56(5):488-496. [12] ZHANG Y,HAO J,CAO K,et al.Macular pigment optical density responses to different levels of zeaxanthin in patients with high myopia[J].Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol,2022,260(7):2329-2337. [13] NOMI Y,IWASAKI-KURASHIGE K,MATSUMOTO H.Therapeutic effects of anthocyanins for vision and eye health[J/OL].Molecules,2019,24(18)[2023-10-25].https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules24183311. [14] GONZÁLEZ-PADILLA E,A.DIAS J,RAMNE S,et al.Association between added sugar intake and micronutrient dilution:a cross-sectional study in two adult Swedish populations[J].Nutr Metab(Lond),2020,17(1):1-13. [15] GAO F,LI P,LIU Y Q,et al.Association study of the serum 25(OH)D concentration and myopia in Chinese children[J/OL].Medicine(Baltimore),2021,100(26)[2023-10-25].https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000026570. [16] 胡佳,丁子尧,韩迪,等.苏州市中小学生近视的影响因素分析[J].预防医学,2021,33(3):241-245. [17] MU J,ZENG D,FAN J,et al.Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of myopia among primary school students in southern China:a longitudinal study[J/OL].Int J Public Health,2023,68[2023-10-25].https://doi.org/10.3389/ijph.2023.1605424.