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预防医学  2022, Vol. 34 Issue (5): 461-465    DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2022.05.007
  控烟专题 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
2018—2021年宁波市成人吸烟情况调查
徐倩倩, 朱莹莹, 冯宏伟, 金秋妍, 丁十戈, 董莹
宁波市疾病预防控制中心健康教育所,浙江 宁波 315010
Prevalence of smoking among adults in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2021
XU Qianqian, ZHU Yingying, FENG Hongwei, JIN Qiuyan, DING Shige, DONG Ying
Department of Health Education, Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China
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摘要 目的 了解2018—2021年宁波市成人吸烟情况,为完善控烟政策和评估控烟效果提供依据。方法 于2018—2021年采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取宁波市10个县(市、区)15~69岁常住居民为调查对象,采用《全国居民健康素养和烟草流行监测调查问卷》调查人口学资料、吸烟行为和二手烟暴露情况;采用2010年第六次全国人口普查数据标化。分析2018—2021年宁波市成人吸烟率、戒烟率、二手烟暴露率及其变化趋势。结果 2018—2021年有效问卷分别为6 581份、6 340份、6 380份、6 400份,有效率分别为99.20%、97.46%、97.76%和98.02%。调查对象男女性别比分别为1∶1.05、1∶1.07、1∶1.05和1∶1.14;城乡人口比分别为1∶0.75、1∶0.62、1∶0.60和1∶0.78。现在吸烟率分别为21.99%、21.42%、22.07%和20.30%,标化率分别为22.03%、20.12%、21.33%和19.38%,无明显变化趋势(χ2趋势=3.751,P=0.053)。农村居民现在吸烟率高于城市居民,男性现在吸烟率高于女性(均P<0.05)。戒烟率分别为24.44%、27.11%、26.97%和29.59%,标化率分别为21.96%、26.90%、24.92%和28.38%,呈上升趋势(χ2趋势=11.193,P=0.001)。二手烟暴露率分别为52.40%、50.18%、48.99%和44.58%,标化率分别为54.08%、51.45%、49.95%和46.76%,呈下降趋势(χ2趋势=62.094,P<0.001)。结论 2018—2021年宁波市成人现在吸烟率在20%左右平稳波动,二手烟暴露呈下降趋势,戒烟率呈上升趋势。农村男性居民是控烟干预重点人群。
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徐倩倩
朱莹莹
冯宏伟
金秋妍
丁十戈
董莹
关键词 吸烟二手烟戒烟烟草控制    
AbstractObjective To analyze the prevalence of smoking among adults in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2021, so as to provide the scientific evidence for improving the tobacco control policy and evaluating the effectiveness of the tobacco control policy. Methods The permanent residents at ages of 15 to 69 years were recruited from 10 counties ( districts ) in Ningbo City using the stratified multistage random sampling method from 2018 to 2021, and subjects' demographic features, smoking and secondhand smoke exposure were collected using the National Questionnaire for Surveillance on Healthy Literacy and Tobacco Epidemic in Chinese Residents. All data were standardized to the Sixth National Population Census in 2010. The prevalence of smoking, smoking cessation and exposure to secondhand smoke and the trends for the prevalence were estimated among adults in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2021. Results A total of 6 581, 6 340, 6 380 and 6 400 valid questionnaires were recovered from 2018 to 2021, and the effective recovery rates were 99.20%, 97.46%, 97.76% and 98.02%, respectively. The respondents had male to female ratios of 1∶1.05, 1∶1.07, 1∶1.05 and 1∶1.14, and had urban-rural population ratios of 1∶0.75, 1∶0.62, 1∶0.60 and 1∶0.78 from 2018 to 2021, respectively. The prevalence of current smoking was 21.99%, 21.42%, 22.07% and 20.30%, and the standardized prevalence was 22.03%, 20.12%, 21.33% and 19.38% from 2018 to 2021, respectively, appearing no significant changing trend ( χ2trend=3.751, P=0.053 ). The prevalence of current smoking was significantly higher among rural residents than among urban residents, and higher in men than in women ( all P<0.05 ). The prevalence of smoking cessation was 24.44%, 27.11%, 26.97% and 29.59%, and the standardized prevalence was 21.96%, 26.90%, 24.92% and 28.38% from 2018 to 2021, appearing a tendency towards a rise ( χ2rend=11.193, P=0.001 ). The prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke was 52.40%, 50.18%, 48.99% and 44.58%, and the standardized prevalence was 54.08%, 51.45%, 49.95% and 46.76% from 2018 to 2021, showing a tendency towards a decline ( χ2rend=62.094, P<0.001 ) . Conclusions The prevalence of current smoking was approximately 20% among adults in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2021, with a tendency towards a decline in the prevalence of exposure to secondhand smoke and a tendency towards a rise in the prevalence of smoking cessation. Rural male residents are key targets for tobacco control.
Key wordssmoking    secondhand smoke    smoking cessation    tobacco control
收稿日期: 2022-03-18      修回日期: 2022-04-12     
中图分类号:  R163  
基金资助:宁波市公益类科技计划项目(2021S153); 宁波市科技创新“2025”重大专项(2021Z021); 宁波市医疗卫生品牌学科(PPXK2018-10)
通信作者: 董莹,E-mail:dongy@nbcdc.org.cn   
作者简介: 徐倩倩,硕士,主管医师,主要从事健康教育与健康促进工作
引用本文:   
徐倩倩, 朱莹莹, 冯宏伟, 金秋妍, 丁十戈, 董莹. 2018—2021年宁波市成人吸烟情况调查[J]. 预防医学, 2022, 34(5): 461-465.
XU Qianqian, ZHU Yingying, FENG Hongwei, JIN Qiuyan, DING Shige, DONG Ying. Prevalence of smoking among adults in Ningbo City from 2018 to 2021. Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(5): 461-465.
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http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2022.05.007      或      http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/Y2022/V34/I5/461
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