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预防医学  2022, Vol. 34 Issue (5): 449-455    DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2022.05.005
  控烟专题 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
南山区高血压患者吸烟和戒烟情况调查
赵信星1, 王长义2, 戴舒红2, 陈洪恩2, 徐珊2, 梁晓峰1,3
1.山西医科大学公共卫生学院,山西 太原 030001;
2.深圳市南山区慢性病防治院,广东 深圳 518000;
3.暨南大学,广东 广州 510632
Status of smoking and smoking cessation among patients withhypertension in Nanshan District
ZHAO Xinxing1, WANG Changyi2, DAI Shuhong2, CHEN Hong'en2, XU Shan2, LIANG Xiaofeng1,3
1. School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, China;
2. Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease Control, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China;
3. Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
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摘要 目的 了解深圳市南山区高血压患者现在吸烟和戒烟情况,并分析影响因素,为开展高血压患者控烟工作提供依据。方法 收集2017—2019年南山区69家社区健康服务中心高血压患者资料,包括人口学信息、生活方式、吸烟和戒烟情况;描述不同性别、年龄等的高血压患者现在吸烟率和戒烟率,并采用多因素logistic回归模型分析现在吸烟和戒烟的影响因素。结果 高血压患者4 385例,年龄为(58.41±11.19)岁;男性2 265例,占51.65%;女性2 120例,占48.35%。现在吸烟724例,现在吸烟率为16.51%;男性为29.71%,女性为2.41%。戒烟424例,戒烟率为36.93%;男性为38.20%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,男性(OR=12.885,95%CI:9.567~17.354)、饮酒(OR=2.567,95%CI:2.118~3.111)是高血压患者现在吸烟的促进因素,年龄增长(OR=0.723,95%CI:0.642~0.815)、锻炼频率高(OR=0.881,95%CI:0.817~0.950)是阻碍因素;男性(OR=7.309,95%CI:3.304~16.165)、年龄增长(OR=1.381,95%CI:1.120~1.703)、未婚(OR=1.819,95%CI:1.329~2.490)、离异(OR=7.837,95%CI:1.254~48.975)、退休(OR=1.545,95%CI:1.095~2.180)、无业(OR=1.801,95%CI:1.057~3.066)、锻炼频率高(OR=1.221,95%CI:1.096~1.360)是高血压患者戒烟的促进因素,丧偶(OR=0.285,95%CI:0.089~0.906)、文化程度高(OR=0.766,95%CI:0.619~0.949)、饮酒(OR=0.488,95%CI:0.368~0.647)是阻碍因素。结论 南山区高血压患者现在吸烟率低于一般人群,戒烟率高于一般人群;男性、中青年、在业、丧偶、文化程度高的患者是控烟工作的重点干预人群,控制饮酒和加强锻炼是降低吸烟率、提高戒烟率的重要措施。
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赵信星
王长义
戴舒红
陈洪恩
徐珊
梁晓峰
关键词 高血压吸烟戒烟影响因素    
AbstractObjective To investigate the prevalence of current smoking and smoking cessation, and identify the influencing factors among hypertensive patients in Nanshan District, Shenzhen City, so as to provide insights into smoking control among hypertensive patients. Methods The demographic features, life style, status of smoking and smoking cessation in hypertensive patients were collected from 69 community health centers in Nanshan District from 2017 to 2019. The gender- and age-specific prevalence of smoking and smoking cessation was estimated among hypertensive patients, and the factors affecting hypertensive patients' smoking and smoking cessation were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results Totally 4 385 patients with hypertension were enrolled, with a mean age of (58.41±11.19) years, and the participants included 2 265 men (51.65%) and 2 120 women (48.35%). There were 724 current smokers, and the prevalence of current smoking was 16.51%, with 29.71% prevalence in males and 2.41% in females. There were 424 hypertensive patients quitting smoking, and the prevalence of smoking cessation was 36.93%, with 38.20% prevalence in males. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified male ( OR=12.885, 95%CI: 9.567-17.354 ) and drinking ( OR=2.567, 95%CI: 2.118-3.111 ) as facilitating factors for current smoking among hypertensive patients, and increasing age (OR=0.723, 95%CI: 0.642-0.815) and high exercise frequency (OR=0.881, 95%CI: 0.817-0.950) as barrier factors, while male ( OR=7.309, 95%CI: 3.304-16.165), increasing age ( OR=1.381, 95%CI: 1.120-1.703 ), unmarried ( OR=1.819, 95%CI: 1.329-2.490 ), divorced ( OR=7.837, 95%CI: 1.254-48.975 ), retired ( OR=1.545, 95%CI: 1.095-2.180 ), unemployed (OR=1.801, 95%CI: 1.057-3.066), and high exercise frequency ( OR=1.221, 95%CI: 1.096-1.360 ) were identified as facilitating factors for smoking cessation among hypertensive patients and widowed ( OR=0.285, 95%CI: 0.089-0.906 ), high educational level ( OR=0.766, 95%CI: 0.619-0.949 ), and drinking ( OR=0.488, 95%CI: 0.368-0.647 ) as barrier factors. Conclusions The prevalence of smoking is lower, and the prevalence of smoking cessation is higher among hypertensive patients than among general populations in Nanshan District. Young and middle-aged, employed, widowed men with a high educational level are key populations for tobacco control, and alcohol consumption control and intensified exercises are important measures to reduce the prevalence of smoking and improve the prevalence of smoking cessation.
Key wordshypertension    smoking    smoking cessation    influencing factor
收稿日期: 2022-04-01      出版日期: 2022-05-12
中图分类号:  R163  
  R544.1  
基金资助:深圳市医疗卫生三名工程(SZSM201803080); 南山区卫生科技计划资助(NS2021051); 南山区医学重点学科建设资助(慢性非传染性疾病)
通信作者: 梁晓峰,E-mail:liangxf@just.edu.cn   
作者简介: 赵信星,硕士研究生在读
引用本文:   
赵信星, 王长义, 戴舒红, 陈洪恩, 徐珊, 梁晓峰. 南山区高血压患者吸烟和戒烟情况调查[J]. 预防医学, 2022, 34(5): 449-455.
ZHAO Xinxing, WANG Changyi, DAI Shuhong, CHEN Hong'en, XU Shan, LIANG Xiaofeng. Status of smoking and smoking cessation among patients withhypertension in Nanshan District. Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(5): 449-455.
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http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2022.05.005      或      http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/Y2022/V34/I5/449
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