|
|
|
| Factors affecting Alzheimer's disease among the elderly |
| XIAO Sa1,2, LI Lian1, ZHOU Dongsheng1, ZHOU Ying1,2, YANG Hongying1, YUAN Yuerong3, BIAN Guolin1
|
1. The Affiliated Kangning Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China;
2. School of Public Health, Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China;
3. Haishu District for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315012, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Objective To investigate the Alzheimer's disease (AD) influencing factors among the elderly, so as to provide a basis for early prevention and intervention. Methods From March to June 2024, participants aged 60 years and above from a sub-district in Haishu District, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province were selected using a convenience sampling method. Data on demographics, lifestyle, and health status were collected through questionnaire surveys. Depressive symptoms were evaluated using the short-form Geriatric Depression Scale. The Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) was used for the initial screening of AD, and individuals who screened positive were further diagnosed by psychiatrists. Factors affecting AD among the elderly were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results A total of 3 644 individuals were surveyed, comprising 1 526 males (41.88%) and 2 118 females (58.12%). The mean age was (71.85±7.44) years. AD was detected in 200 cases, with a detection rate of 5.49%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that individuals aged ≥65 years (65-<70 years, OR=3.012, 95%CI: 1.007-9.012; 70-<75 years, OR=3.131, 95%CI: 1.059-9.260; 75-<80 years, OR=5.779, 95%CI: 1.989-16.784; ≥80 years, OR=16.810, 95%CI: 5.926-47.685), those who were unmarried, divorced, or widowed (OR=1.973, 95%CI: 1.383-2.815), those with hearing loss (OR=1.573, 95%CI: 1.128-2.193), those with diabetes mellitus (OR=1.958, 95%CI: 1.362-2.814), and those with depressive symptoms (OR=4.143, 95%CI: 2.997-5.728) had a higher risk of AD. Conversely, individuals with an educational level of primary school or above (primary school, OR=0.579, 95%CI: 0.401-0.835; junior high school or above, OR=0.438, 95%CI: 0.259-0.741), and those who engaged in regular physical exercise (OR=0.414, 95%CI: 0.264-0.649) had a lower risk of AD. Conclusions The detection rate of AD was relatively high among the elderly in Haishu District. AD among the elderly was related to age, educational level, marital status, physical exercise, hearing loss, diabetes mellitus, and depressive symptoms.
|
|
Received: 23 May 2025
Revised: 16 October 2025
Published: 20 November 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] ZHANG J F,ZHANG Y L,WANG J X,et al.Recent advances in Alzheimer's disease:mechanisms,clinical trials and new drug development strategies[J].Signal Transduct Target Ther,2024,9(1):1-35.
[2] JIA L F,DU Y F,CHU L,et al.Prevalence,risk factors,and management of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in adults aged 60 years or older in China:a cross-sectional study[J].Lancet Public Health,2020,5(12):661-671.
[3] FENG Y S,TAN Z X,WU L Y,et al.The involvement of NLRP3 inflammasome in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease[J/OL].Ageing Res Rev,2020,64[2025-10-16].https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2020.101192.
[4] 杨红英,袁月荣,李金成,等.宁波市老年人群阿尔茨海默病筛查结果分析[J].预防医学,2023,35(10):849-855.
YANG H Y,YUAN Y R,LI J C,et al.Preliminary screening results of Alzheimer's disease among the elderly in Ningbo City[J].China Prev Med J,2023,35(10):849-855.(in Chinese)
[5] 宁波市海曙区民政局.宁波市海曙区民政局关于区十二届人大三次会议第166号建议的答复[EB/OL].[2025-10-16].https://www.haishu.gov.cn/art/2024/11/26/art_1229825357_4567006.html.
[6] 林秀琴,徐健,许树红,等.ADH、ALDH基因多态性与饮酒的交互作用对肺癌的影响研究[J].预防医学,2021,33(10):1022-1025,1029.
LIN X Q,XU J,XU S H,et al.Effects of the interaction between drinking and polymorphism of ADH and ALDH related genes on lung cancer[J].China Prev Med J,2021,33(10):1022-1025,1029.(in Chinese)
[7] FAN H,KOUVARI M,GUO C N,et al.A comprehensive comparison of two commonly used BMI thresholds for non-communicable diseases and multimorbidity in the Chinese population[J].Clin Nutr,2025,48:70-79.
[8] 唐丹. 简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)在中国老年人中的使用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2013,21(3):402-405.
TANG D.Application of short form Geriatric Depression Scale(GDS-15)in Chinese elderly[J].Chin J Clin Psychol,2013,21(3):402-405.(in Chinese)
[9] 吴传深,周东丰,Peter Como,等.中国版简易精神状态检查表在中国农村地区的适用性[J].中国心理卫生杂志,2002,16(4):242-245.
WU C S,ZHOU D F,COMO P,et al.Applicability of a screening scale of Alzheimer disease in rural area of China[J].Chin Ment Health J,2002,16(4):242-245.(in Chinese)
[10] PULL C B.LE DSM-IV[J].Encephale,1995,5:15-20.
[11] PATTERSON B W,ELBERT D L,MAWUENYEGA K G,et al.Age and amyloid effects on human central nervous system amyloid-beta kinetics[J].Ann Neurol,2015,78(3):439-453.
[12] SEYEDSALEHI A,WARRIER V,BETHLEHEM R A I,et al.Educational attainment,structural brain reserve and Alzheimer's disease:a Mendelian randomization analysis[J].Brain,2023,146(5):2059-2074.
[13] 蔡本静,蔡端芳,刘波,等.婚姻质量对轻度认知功能障碍及阿尔茨海默病患病的影响[J].临床精神医学杂志,2021,31(2):137-139.
CAI B J,CAI D F,LIU B,et al.The effect of marriage quality on mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease[J].J Clin Psychiatry,2021,31(2):137-139.(in Chinese)
[14] LI S Y,LI M Y,LI G,et al.Physical exercise decreases complement-mediated synaptic loss and protects against cognitive impairment by inhibiting microglial Tmem9-ATP6V0D1 in Alzheimer's disease[J].Aging Cell,2025,24(5):1-14.
[15] MENG Q,LIN M S,TZENG I S.Relationship between exercise and Alzheimer's disease:a narrative literature review[J].Front Neurosci,2020,14:1-6.
[16] KUEHN B M.In Alzheimer research,glucose metabolism moves to center stage[J].JAMA,2020,323(4):297-299.
[17] PARKER T D,HARDY C,KEUSS S,et al.Peripheral hearing loss at age 70 predicts brain atrophy and associated cognitive change[J].J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2024,95(9):829-832.
[18] JIANG F,MISHRA S R,SHRESTHA N,et al.Association between hearing aid use and all-cause and cause-specific dementia:an analysis of the UK Biobank cohort[J].Lancet Public Health,2023,8(5):329-338.
[19] 李姗姗,成玉,刘春艳,等.探讨阿尔茨海默病患者认知障碍程度与抑郁风险的关系[J].心理月刊,2022,17(16):226-227,240.
LI S S,CHENG Y,LIU C Y,et al.To explore the relationship between the degree of cognitive impairment and the risk of depression in patients with Alzheimer's disease[J].Psycho Mag,2022,17(16):226-227,240(in Chinese) |
|
|
|
