|
|
|
| Assessment of dietary exposure to lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and aluminum among residents in Henan Province |
| CHAO Feng, LIU Bingrui, FU Pengyu, ZHANG Shufang, LI Shan, YUAN Pu
|
| Department of Public Health, Henan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Objective To assess the exposure levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and aluminum in the diets of residents in Henan Province, so as to provide the basis for strengthening food safety supervision. Methods Six sampling points were selected using stratified random sampling method in Henan Province, including Hebi City, Xiangfu District of Kaifeng City, Jianxi District of Luoyang City, Yuzhou City, Baofeng County and Tanghe County. Food samples were collected and processed into mixed samples of 12 major food categories. The levels of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and aluminum in the samples were measured using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Dietary consumption information in Henan Province was collected. The dietary exposure risks of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and aluminum were analyzed using the point estimation method and distribution point estimation method, based on the health guidance values of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives and the margin of exposure (MOE) as the assessment criteria. Results The dietary exposure level of lead among residents in Henan Province was 41.89 μg/d, which was equivalent to 18.62% of its provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), with cereals and vegetables being the main sources; the MOE values of lead among residents aged 2 to <7 years and 7 to <13 years were both less than 1. The dietary exposure level of cadmium was 10.79 μg/d, which was equivalent to 20.55% of the provisional monthly tolerable intake, with cereals and vegetables being the main sources. The dietary exposure level of total mercury was 0.45 μg/d, which was equivalent to 1.25% of its PTWI, with cereals, vegetables, and water and beverage categories being the main sources; the dietary exposure level of methylmercury was 0.04 μg/d, which was equivalent to 0.28% of its PTWI, and it was entirely derived from aquatic products. The dietary exposure level of total arsenic was 26.65 μg/d, which was equivalent to 0.89% of the daily allowable intake, with cereals and vegetables being the main sources; the dietary exposure level of inorganic arsenic was 8.41 μg/d, which was equivalent to 6.23% of its PTWI, with an MOE value of 22.47. The dietary exposure level of aluminum was 8.27 mg/d, which was equivalent to 45.94% of its PTWI, with cereals and tubers being the main sources; the P90 and P97.5 of dietary aluminum exposure among residents aged 2 to <7 years and 7 to <13 years were both greater than PTWI. Conclusion The overall dietary exposure risks of lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic and aluminum among residents in Henan Province are relatively low.
|
|
Received: 03 June 2024
Revised: 10 September 2024
Published: 14 November 2024
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 孙长颢,凌文华,黄国伟,等.营养与食品卫生学(第8版)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2017.
[2] 徐映如,陈道湧,沈俊毅,等.虹口区市售蔬菜类重金属污染与健康风险评估[J].预防医学,2021,33(4):406-410.
[3] 李敬光,张磊,吕冰,等.中国总膳食研究化学检测技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2023.
[4] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会,国家市场监督管理总局.食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量:GB 2762—2022[S].2022.
[5] 吴永宁,刘沛,孙金方,等.膳食暴露评估技术与中国总膳食研究[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2019.
[6] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会.食品安全国家标准食品中多元素的测定:GB 5009.268—2016[S].2016.
[7] 吴永宁,赵云峰,李敬光,等.第五次中国总膳食研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2018.
[8] The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants:seventy-third report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives[R].Geneva:WHO,2010.
[9] The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.Evalua tion of certain food additives and contaminants:seventy-second report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives[R].Geneva:WHO,2010.
[10] The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants:forty-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives[R].Geneva:WHO,1993.
[11] The Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives.Evaluation of certain food additives and contaminants:seventy-fourth report of the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives[R].Geneva:WHO,2011.
[12] 董玉婷,彭慧,王小卉,等.嘉定区儿童膳食铅暴露健康风险评估[J].预防医学,2024,36(10):893-896.
[13] XU X H,ZHAO Y C,ZHAO X Y,et al.Sources of heavy metal pollution in agricultural soils of a rapidly industrializing area in the Yangtze Delta of China[J].Ecotoxicol Environ Saf,2014,108:161-167.
[14] 蔡文华,胡曙光,苏祖检,等.2007—2014年广东省膳食中铅、镉、砷、汞元素的人群健康风险评估[J].食品安全质量检测学报,2015,6(6):2308-2316.
[15] 陈佳辉,陈京蓉,冯萍,等.重庆市居民铅暴露概率风险评估[J].卫生研究,2023,52(4):611-617.
[16] 李筱薇,刘卿,刘丽萍,等.应用中国总膳食研究评估中国人膳食铅暴露分布状况[J].卫生研究,2012,41(3):379-384.
[17] 李艳飞,谢昌平,李德洁,等.柳州地区自产大米中镉、铅和砷污染状况及其健康风险评价[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2020,30(24):3026-3029.
[18] 蒋沙沙,霍永红,李德海,等.大米中主要重金属污染分析及风险评估研究现状[J].食品工业科技,2023,44(2):417-426.
[19] LI H B,ZHANG H Q,YANG Y J,et al.Effects and oxygen-regu lated mechanisms of water management on cadmium(Cd)accumu lation in rice(Oryza sativa)[J/OL].Sci Total Environ,2022[2024-09-10].https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157484.
[20] CAO P,LIU A D,YANG D J,et al.Assessment of dietary exposure of young Chinese children to aluminium residues[J].Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess,2019,36(4):582-591.
[21] 聂晓玲,王敏娟,刘宇,等.2013—2015年陕西省居民膳食铝暴露风险评估[J].卫生研究,2018,47(2):307-311.
[22] WANG B,LIU Y,WANG H,et al.Contamination and health risk assessment of lead,arsenic,cadmium,and aluminum from a total diet study of Jilin Province,China[J].Food Sci Nutr,2020,8(10):5631-5640. |
|
|
|
