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| Association between physical activity and mortality among the elderly |
| ZHANG Chuandi1,2, SI Shuting3, YU Yunxian1
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1. Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310012, China;
2. Hangzhou Linping District Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, China;
3. Yiwu Maternity and Children Health Hospital (Yiwu Branch of Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Yiwu, Zhejiang 322000, China |
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Abstract Objective To investigate the association between physical activity and the risk of mortality, so as to provide the basis for guiding the elderly to maintain appropriate levels of physical activity. Methods A retrospective cohort study was adopted. Basic information, weekly physical activity items and duration of the elderly aged 50-71 years old was collected from the National Institutes of Health-American Association of Retired Persons Diet and Health Study database. With all-cause mortality risk as the main outcome indicator, controlling for demographic, dietary and disease factors, the association between the duration, metabolic equivalent and intensity of physical activity and all-cause mortality risk was analyzed using restricted cubic spline and multivariable Cox proportional risk regression model. Results A total of 266 072 participants were included, with an mean age of (70.11±5.36) years old. There were 155 244 males (58.35%) and 110 828 females (41.65%), with a total of 36 006 deaths by December 31, 2011. The median duration of physical activity was 14.00 (interquartile range, 14.00) h/week and the median metabolic equivalents was 53.00 (interquartile range, 54.71) MET-h/week. Restricted cubic spline analysis indicated that the risk of all-cause mortality declined rapidly within the physical activity range of 0 to 15.0 h/week or 50.0 MET-h/week, but with the continuing increase in physical activity, the decline in the risk of all-cause mortality slowed down (all P<0.05). Multivariable Cox proportional risk regression analysis showed that compared with participants with no physical activity, participants with the duration of 0.1-<15.0 h/week, 15.0-<29.5 h/week, ≥29.5 h/week (HR=0.502, 0.386 and 0.368), or the metabolic equivalent of 0.1-<50.0 MET-h/week, 50.0-<110.8 MET-h/week and ≥110.8 MET-h/week (HR=0.511, 0.379 and 0.354) were associated with a reduced risk of all-cause mortality. The combination of mild (0.1-<5.0 h/week), moderate (≥5.0 h/week) and vigorous (≥1.3 h/week) activities had a lower risk of all-cause mortality (HR=0.320). Conclusion Moderate physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of mortality, and it is recommended to do 15.0 h or 50.0 MET-h of physical activity per week in combination with different intensities.
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Received: 29 May 2024
Revised: 19 August 2024
Published: 14 November 2024
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