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| Effect of Xileisan temperature-sensitive gels on endothelial nitric oxide synthase, vascular endothelial growth factor A and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in rats with bleeding internal hemorrhoids |
| JIA Wengping, ZHANG Yan, NI Jing, XU Li
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| Department of Proctology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, China |
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Abstract Objective To investigate the effect of Xileisan temperature-sensitive gels on endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in rats with bleeding internal hemorrhoids, so as to provide insights into the illustration of the pathogenesis of internal hemorrhoid hemorrhage. Methods Thirty six-week-old SPF-graded rats of the SD strain were randomly divided into the normal group, model group and Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group, of 10 rats in each group (half male and half female). Cotton balls were soaked with 0.16 mL of croton oil mixture and then inserted into the anus of rats in the model group and Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group for 10 s. After 6 h when the rectal mucosa tissues presented remarkable swelling, the perianal mucosa was rubbed repeatedly with a rough glass rod until the glass rod was bloody. Following successful modeling, rats in the Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group was given rectal administration of Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel at a dose of 0.5 mL/d, while animals in the normal group and model group were given rectal administration of the blank gel at the same dose. Following administration for 7 successive days, rats were sacrificed, and the hemorrhoids tissues were collected for pathological examinations. The eNOS, VEGF-A and TNF-α expression was determined using immunohistochemistry and compared among groups. Results Compared with the normal group, the rat hemorrhoids mucosa showed inflammatory changes in the model group, with submucosal congestion and edema, blood vessel congestion and dilation, and visible new blood vessels, and remarkable improvements were seen in the hemorrhoid mucosal inflammation in the Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group. There were significant differences in the integrated option density (IOD) of eNOS and VEGF-A expression in rat hemorrhoids tissues among the three groups (P<0.05), and no gender-specific differences were seen (P>0.05). The IOD values of eNOS (45.84±13.66) and VEGF-A expression (45.89±9.06) were higher in rat hemorrhoids tissues in the model group than in the normal group (23.11±5.64 and 27.91±11.65) and the Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel group (27.41±8.89 and 33.44±6.20) (P<0.05), while no significant differences were detected in the IOD of TNF-α expression in rat hemorrhoids tissues among the three groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Xileisan temperature-sensitive gel may alleviate inflammation and internal hemorrhoids hemorrhage through inhibiting eNOS and VEGF-A expression in rat hemorrhoids tissues.
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Received: 18 October 2022
Revised: 26 November 2022
Published: 11 January 2023
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