Abstract：Objective To understand the carrying condition of the mutation gene of neonatal deafness in Huzhou City and explore the significance of the combination screening of hearing and deafness genes. Methods 2 258 newborns who were born in Huzhou maternal and child health care hospital were screened for hearing and deafness and were followed up to the age of 3. Two kinds of complementarity and relativity of screening were analyzed. Early hearing screening was used by transient evoked otoacoustic emission（TEOAE）screening，hearing rescreening was used by TEOAE and autoauditory brainstem response（AABR）. Collected the neonatal umbilical cord blood and detected GJB2，SLC26A4，GJB3，mitochondrial 12SrRNA 4 genes 20 deafness mutations. Results Early hearing screening failed in 550 cases，with a failure rate of 24.36%. Detected in 118 cases of deafness gene carriers，total carrying rate was 5.23%. GJB2，SLC26A4，GJB3 and mitochondrial 12SrRNA gene mutation rate were 3.10%，1.46%，0.58% and 0.09% respectively. Initial failure rate of mother and child hearing screening was 16.30 %（300/1 840）. The rate of gene transfer for deafness mutation was 5.65 %（104/1 840）. Initial failure rate of NICU hearing screening was 59.81 %（250/418）. The rate of gene transfer for deafness mutation was 3.35%（14/418）. The failure rate of initial hearing screening of NICU newborns was higher than that of mother and child（P<0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference in carrying rate between the two groups（P>0.05）. There was no statistical correlation between initial hearing screening and whether or not to carry deaf mutation gene（P>0.05）. 52 infants were missed in this study. 12 patients were diagnosed with hearing impairment，and the hearing impairment rate was 0.54%. Among them，9 cases were normal and 3 cases were abnormal. Conclusion Newborns hearing screening by whether or not had nothing to do with deafness gene.Hearing screening with deafness gene screening at the same time can reduce the delay in diagnosis of deafness and drug deafness can also be prevented early.
