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预防医学  2022, Vol. 34 Issue (8): 782-787    DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2022.08.006
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嘉兴市中小学生脊柱侧弯调查
贾娟娟1, 林云1, 朱国英1, 洪霞1, 孙炀明1, 何海涛2, 陈丽艳3, 李赟4
1.嘉兴市疾病预防控制中心学校卫生科,浙江 嘉兴 314050;
2.嘉兴市秀洲区疾病预防控制中心,浙江 嘉兴 314000;
3.嘉善县疾病预防控制中心,浙江 嘉兴 314100;
4.平湖市疾病预防控制中心,浙江 嘉兴 314200
A cross-sectional study on prevalence of scoliosis among primary and middle school students in Jiaxing City
JIA Juanjuan1, LIN Yun1, ZHU Guoying1, HONG Xia1, SUN Yangming1, HE Haitao2, CHEN Liyan3, LI Yun4
1. Department of School Health, Jiaxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314050, China;
2. Xiuzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314000, China;
3. Jiashan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314100, China;
4. Pinghu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, Zhejiang 314200, China
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摘要 目的 了解浙江省嘉兴市中小学生脊柱侧弯发生情况,为儿童青少年脊柱侧弯防治提供依据。方法 于2019年采用分层整群抽样方法,抽取嘉兴市小学四~六年级和初中一~三年级学生为调查对象,通过问卷调查收集人口学信息、饮食行为与营养状况、体力活动、学习环境和读写习惯等资料;采用一般检查、前屈试验和脊柱侧弯测量仪筛查脊柱侧弯,采用直立位全脊柱X线摄片诊断脊柱侧弯;描述性分析中小学生脊柱侧弯流行情况。结果 调查中小学生8 026人,有效调查7 304人,调查有效率为91.00%。其中小学3 667人,占50.21%;初中3 637人,占49.79%。男生3 776人,占51.70%;女生3 528人,占48.30%。初筛脊柱侧弯阳性659例,初筛阳性率为9.02%。胸段、胸腰段和腰段初筛阳性率分别为2.93%、4.56%和4.56%。平湖市(10.45%)、初中(11.74%)、女生(11.96%)、有贫血病史(22.44%)、过去1周中等强度体力活动<3 d(9.46%)、过去1周步行时间超过10 min的天数<3 d(10.18%)、过去1周静坐时间≥5 h/d(10.74%)、班级座位每学期或每月调换1次(10.28%)、放学后读写时间≥3 h/d(10.93%)和读写时胸口距桌子边缘未超过10 cm(1拳)(9.67%)的学生脊柱侧弯初筛阳性率较高(均P<0.05)。218例初筛阳性学生行直立位全脊柱X线摄片,确诊132例,确诊率为60.55%。估算嘉兴市中小学生脊柱侧弯患病率为5.46%。结论 嘉兴市中小学生脊柱侧弯初筛阳性率为9.02%。性别、学段、营养状况、运动频率和读写习惯可能是脊柱侧弯发生的影响因素。
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贾娟娟
林云
朱国英
洪霞
孙炀明
何海涛
陈丽艳
李赟
关键词 脊柱侧弯筛查影响因素青少年    
AbstractObjective To investigate the prevalence of scoliosis among primary and middle school students in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into scoliosis control among children and adolescents. Methods Grade 4 to 6 primary school students and grade 1 to 3 junior high school students were recruited using a stratified cluster sampling method in Jiaxing City in 2019. Participants' demographic characteristics, dietary habits and nutritional status, physical activity, learning environments, reading and writing habits were collected using questionnaires. Scoliosis was screened through general examinations, forward bend test and scoliometer, and scoliosis was diagnosed with whole-spine X-ray scans in an erect position. The prevalence of scoliosis was descriptively analyzed among primary and middle school students. Results A total of 8 026 primary and middle school students were included, 7 304 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 91.00%. The respondents included 3 667 primary school students (50.21%) and 3 637 junior high school students (49.79%), and included 3 776 boys (51.70%) and 3 528 girls (48.30%). There were 659 participants with initial screening positive for scoliosis (9.02%), and the percentages of positive initial screening of thoracic, thoracolumbar and lumbar scoliosis were 2.93%, 4.56% and 4.56%, respectively. A higher percentage of positive initial screening of scoliosis was diagnosed among participants living in Pinghu City (10.45%), junior high school students (11.74%), girls (11.96%), students with a medical history of anemia (22.44%), students with less than 3 days of moderate-intensity physical activity in the past week (9.46%), students with less than 3 days of walking duration of over 10 minutes in the past week (10.18%), students with daily sitting duration of 5 hours and more in the past week (10.74%), students with their class seats exchanged every semester or month (10.28%), students with daily reading and writing duration of 3 hours and more after school (10.93%) and students with less than 10 cm distance from the chest at reading or writing to the edge of the table (9.67%) (all P<0.05). A total of 218 students received whole-spine X-ray scans in an erect position, 132 participants were definitively diagnosed as scoliosis (60.55%), and the estimated prevalence of scoliosis was 5.46%. Conclusion The percentage of positive initial screening of scoliosis was 9.02% among primary and middle school students in Jiaxing City. Gender, stage of learning, nutritional status, exercise frequency and habits of reading and writing may be factors affecting the development of scoliosis.
Key wordsscoliosis    screening    influencing factor    teenager
收稿日期: 2022-03-03      出版日期: 2022-08-18
中图分类号:  R179  
  R682.3  
基金资助:浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGF19H260002); 嘉兴市科技计划项目(2020AY30023)
通信作者: 林云,E-mail:ly_zyh@163.com   
作者简介: 贾娟娟,硕士,医师,主要从事学校卫生工作
引用本文:   
贾娟娟, 林云, 朱国英, 洪霞, 孙炀明, 何海涛, 陈丽艳, 李赟. 嘉兴市中小学生脊柱侧弯调查[J]. 预防医学, 2022, 34(8): 782-787.
JIA Juanjuan, LIN Yun, ZHU Guoying, HONG Xia, SUN Yangming, HE Haitao, CHEN Liyan, LI Yun. A cross-sectional study on prevalence of scoliosis among primary and middle school students in Jiaxing City. Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(8): 782-787.
链接本文:  
http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2022.08.006      或      http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/Y2022/V34/I8/782
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