|
|
|
| Association between dietary quality and overweight / obesity among primary school students |
| HE Yiyang1, WANG Bilian2, ZHANG Pingping2, LI Li1
|
1. The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, China;
2. Ningbo Art Experimental School, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315000, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Objective To investigate the association between dietary quality and overweight / obesity among primary school students, so as to provide a basis for the prevention and control of childhood obesity. Methods In September 2022, third-grade students from six primary schools in Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province were selected by a random cluster sampling method. Data on gender, age, height, and weight were collected through questionnaire surveys and physical examinations. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated, and overweight and obesity were determined using gender- and age-specific BMI cut-off points. The Chinese dietary quality questionnaires was administered to assess the intake of health-promoting and restricted foods over the past 24 hours, thereby evaluating overall dietary quality. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the association between dietary quality and overweight / obesity among primary school students. Results A total of 1 375 primary school students were included, comprising 722 (52.51%) boys and 653 (47.49%) girls, with a mean age of (8.47±0.30) years. Among them, 165 (12.00%) were overweight and 171 (12.44%) were obese. The score for health-promoting foods was (4.29±2.27) points. The median score of restricted foods was 2.00 (interquartile range, 3.00) points. The total dietary quality score was (10.84±2.42) points. Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that the restricted food score was positively associated with overweight (OR=1.073, 95%CI: 1.002-1.148), while the total dietary quality score was negatively associated with overweight (OR=0.911, 95%CI: 0.851-0.976). However, no statistically significant associations were observed between the health-promoting food score and overweight or obesity (both P>0.05), nor between the restricted food score or total dietary quality score and obesity (both P>0.05). Conclusion A higher intake of restricted foods was associated with an increased risk of overweight, while a better dietary quality was associated with a decreased risk of overweight among primary school students.
|
|
Received: 22 September 2025
Revised: 30 October 2025
Published: 20 November 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 董彦会,陈力,刘婕妤,等.1985—2019年中国7~18岁儿童青少年超重与肥胖的流行趋势及预测研究[J].中华预防医学杂志,2023,57(4):461-469.
DONG Y H,CHEN L,LIU J Y,et al.Epidemiology and prediction of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 7-18 years in China from 1985 to 2019[J].Chin J Prev Med,2023,57(4):461-469.(in Chinese)
[2] JEBEILE H,KELLY A S,O'MALLEY G,et al.Obesity in children and adolescents:epidemiology,causes,assessment,and management[J].Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol,2022,10(5):351-365.
[3] 江南,唐晓敏,孙文韬,等.膳食模式与中小学生超重肥胖的关联研究[J].预防医学,2025,37(3):228-232.
JIANG N,TANG X M,SUN W T,et al.Association between dietary patterns and overweight and obesity among primary and middle school students[J].China Prev Med J,2025,37(3):228-232.(in Chinese)
[4] 林丹,王黎荔,薛如,等.应用膳食平衡指数评价温州市居民膳食质量[J].预防医学,2024,36(4):359-361.
LIN D,WANG L L,XUE R,et al.Evaluation of dietary quality among residents in Wenzhou City by diet balance index[J].China Prev Med J,2024,36(4):359-361.(in Chinese)
[5] WANG H,HERFORTH A W,XI B,et al.Validation of the diet quality questionnaire in Chinese children and adolescents and relationship with pediatric overweight and obesity[J/OL].Nutrients,2022,14(17)[2025-10-30].https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173551.
[6] WANG Y X,ZHANG P P,WANG M Y,et al.Isotemporal substitution effects of daily time use on cardiorespiratory fitness of children in the OptiChild study:a mediation analysis with diet quality[J/OL].Nutrients,2024,16(16)[2025-10-30].https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16162788.
[7] 赵文华,李可基,王玉英,等.中国人群身体活动指南(2021)[J].中国公共卫生,2022,38(2):129-130.
ZHAO W H,LI K J,WANG Y Y,et al.Physical Activity Guidelines for Chinese(2021)[J].Chin J Public Health,2022,38(2):129-130.(in Chinese)
[8] 中华人民共和国国家卫生和计划生育委员会.学龄儿童青少年超重与肥胖筛查:WS/T 586—2018[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2018.
National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People's Republic of China.Screening for overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents:WS/T 586—2018[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2018.(in Chinese)
[9] MA S,HERFORTH A W,VOGLIANO C,et al.Most commonly-consumed food items by food group,and by province,in China:implications for diet quality monitoring[J/OL].Nutrients,2022,14(9)[2025-10-30].https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14091754.
[10] BATIS C,CASTELLANOS-GUTIÉRREZ A,ALI N B,et al.Validation of the Global Diet Quality Score(GDQS)among children 10 to 14 years of age[J].Nutr Rev,2025,83(Suppl. 1):50-60.
[11] 蒋安然,朱煜典,鲁芬,等.膳食行为与中学生超重肥胖的关联研究[J].预防医学,2025,37(4):341-345.
JIANG A R,ZHU Y D,LU F,et al.Association between dietary behaviors and overweight and obesity among middle school students[J].China Prev Med J,2025,37(4):341-345.(in Chinese)
[12] JAKOBSEN D D,BRADER L,BRUUN J M.Association between food,beverages and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents-a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies[J/OL].Nutrients,2023,15(3)[2025-10-30].https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030764.
[13] CHEN X N,GU J,HUANG Y Y.High dietary intake of unsaturated fatty acids is associated with improved insulin resistance - a cross-sectional study based on the NHANES database[J/OL].Lipids Health Dis,2023,22(1)[2025-10-30].https://doi.org/10.1186/s12944-023-01982-1.
[14] 周梦怡,苏丹婷,何梦洁,等.植物性饮食与不同肥胖类型的关联研究[J].预防医学,2025,37(8):773-778.
ZHOU M Y,SU D T,HE M J,et al.Association between plant-based diets and different types of obesity[J].China Prev Med J,2025,37(8):773-778.(in Chinese)
[15] BRAY G A,KIM K K,WILDING J P H,et al.Obesity:a chronic relapsing progressive disease process. A position statement of the World Obesity Federation[J].Obes Rev,2017,18(7):715-723.
[16] SIDDIQUI N Z,NGUYEN A N,SANTOS S,et al.Diet quality and cardiometabolic health in childhood:the Generation R Study[J].Eur J Nutr,2022,61(2):729-736. |
| [1] |
LU Jie, ZHANG Ke, WU Ya, WANG Yue, ZHANG Yue, LU Ye, WU Zhouli, REN Zhihua, HUANG Yiwen. Comparison of the effect of obesity indicators in predicting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. Preventive Medicine, 2025, 37(9): 886-891. |
|
|
|
|
