|
|
|
| Epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported COVID-19 casesin Zhejiang Province |
| WU Chen, WU Haocheng, LU Qinbao, DING Zheyuan, WANG Xinyi, FU Tianying, YANG Ke, LIN Junfen
|
| Department of Public Health Surveillance and Advisory, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of overseas imported cases with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into containment of overseas imported COVID-19. Methods The pertaining to overseas imported COVID-19 cases in Zhejiang Province during the period between January 1, 2020 and May 31, 2022 were captured from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The temporal, spatial and population distributions, the duration from entry to the first time of positive severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid test, and COVID-19 vaccination of overseas imported COVID-19 cases were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 1 535 overseas imported COVID-19 cases were reported in Zhejiang Province during the period between January 1, 2020 and May 31, 2022, including 596 confirmed cases and 939 asymptomatic infections, and all reported cases were imported from 102 countries and territories. Overseas imported COVID-19 cases were reported in each month during the period between March 2020 and May 2022 except May 2020, and the mean monthly number of reported overseas imported COVID-19 cases was 125 during the period between December 2021 and May 2022. Overseas imported COVID-19 cases were reported across 11 cities of Zhejiang Province, with the largest numbers reported in Hangzhou (978 cases) and Jiaxing cities (177 cases), and imported cases were reported in 76.09% of counties (districts) in Zhejiang Province. The overseas imported COVID-19 cases were predominantly identified among individuals with Chinese nationality (88.79%), at ages of 20 to 39 years (59.09%), and students (21.82%), workers (17.20%) and business servants (17.00%) were predominant occupations among the overseas imported COVID-19 cases. The median duration from entry to the first time of positive SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test was 3.98 (7.06) d during the period between January 1, 2020 and May 31, 2022, and was 3.23 (4.97) d during the period between December 1, 2021 and May 31, 2022, which was significantly shorter than that during the period between January 1, 2020 and November 30, 2021 (P<0.001). The proportion of normal and more severe types of COVID-19 was 15.69% among cases without COVID-19 vaccination, which was significantly higher than that (7.77%) among those receiving booster vaccination (χ2=5.345, P=0.021), but was not significantly different from that (12.65%) among those receiving full-dose vaccination (χ2=0.971, P=0.324). Conclusions Students with Chinese nationality, workers and business servants were predominant among overseas imported COVID-19 cases in Zhejiang Province until May 31, 2022. The duration from entry after December 1, 2021 to identification of overseas imported COVID-19 cases shortened, and booster COVID-19 vaccination facilitated the alleviation of severity of clinical symptoms. There is a long-term risk of overseas importation of COVID-19 in Zhejiang Province, and the containment of imported COVID-19 requires to be sustainably implemented among entry personnel.
|
|
Received: 10 August 2022
Revised: 19 September 2022
Published: 13 December 2022
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] 伊赫亚,李川,王芃,等.全球新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情与早期防控对策[J].预防医学,2020,32(4):325-329.
YI H Y,LI C,WANG P,et al.Recommendation on global prevention and control of coronavirus disease 2019 in the early stage[J].Prev Med,2020,32(4):325-329.
[2] World Health Organization.WHO Coronavirus(COVID-19)Dashboard[EB/OL].[2022-09-19].https://covid19.who.int.
[3] 李懿,宋云,毋碧聪,等.一起新型冠状病毒暴发疫情的基因组特征与溯源分析[J].中华微生物学和免疫学杂志,2022,42(4):245-250.
LI Y,SONG Y,WU B C,et al.Genome characterization and traceability analysis of SARS-CoV-2 in a local outbreak[J].Chin J Microbiol Immunol,2022,42(4):245-250.
[4] 岳勇,陈恒,王亮,等.成都市农村地区境外输入新型冠状病毒肺炎病例关联聚集性疫情分析[J].中华预防医学杂志,2021,55(10):1240-1244.
YUE Y,CHEN H,WANG L,et al.Analysis on the imported Coronavirus Disease 2019 related cluster epidemic in rural areas of Chengdu[J].Chin J Prev Med,2021,55(10):1240-1244.
[5] 施长苗,敖新华,邵斌,等.入境人员集中隔离点新型冠状病毒核酸检测阳性病例特征分析[J].预防医学,2022,34(4):325-329.
SHI C M,AO X H,SHAO B,et al.Characteristics of individuals positive for SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid in a centralized isolation site for people entering China[J].Prev Med,2022,34(4):325-329.
[6] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会.新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情通报[EB/OL].(2022-07-02)[2022-09-19].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/xcs/yqtb/list_gzbd.shtml.
[7] 刘碧瑶,戚小华,江敏,等.浙江省境外输入新型冠状病毒肺炎病例流行特征分析[J].预防医学,2020,32(6):550-554.
LIU B Y,QI X H,JIANG M,et al.Epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases from abroad to Zhejiang Province[J].Prev Med,2020,32(6):550-554.
[8] 陈涛,那军,田疆,等.辽宁省境外输入新型冠状病毒肺炎病例流行特征分析及防治措施效果评价[J].中国公共卫生,2021,37(2):307-310.
CHEN T,NA J,TIAN J,et al.Epidemiological characteristics and containment efficiency of imported COVID-19 cases from abroad in Liaoning province[J].Chin J Public Health,2021,37(2):307-310.
[9] 陈光敏,蓝梅芳,谢剑锋,等.福建省境外输入性新型冠状病毒肺炎确诊病例特征分析[J].中国预防医学杂志,2021,22(10):736-740.
CHEN G M,LAN M F,XIE J F,et al.Epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases from abroad in Fujian[J].Chin Prev Med,2021,22(10):736-740.
[10] 吴俣,刘珏,刘民,等.新型冠状病毒Omicron变异株的流行病学特征及其科学防控建议[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2022,26(5):497-501.
WU Y,LIU J,LIU M,et al.Epidemiologic features and scientific prevention and control advice of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant[J].Chin J Dis Control Prev,2022,26(5):497-501.
[11] 李志丽,李昱,陈秋兰,等.我国输入性新型冠状病毒感染者核酸检测阳性的时间分布特征[J].中华流行病学杂志,2022,43(2):183-188.
LI Z L,LI Y,CHEN Q L,et al.Time distribution of positive nucleic acid detection in imported cases infected with SARS-CoV-2 in China[J].Chin J Epidemiol,2022,43(2):183-188.
[12] 吴双胜,潘阳,段玮,等.北京市一起境外输入无症状感染者相关新冠肺炎聚集性疫情的溯源调查[J].国际病毒学杂志,2021,28(3):187-191.
WU S S,PAN Y,DUAN W,et al.Tracing infection source of an outbreak in Beijing caused by an imported asymptomatic case of COVID-19[J].Int J Virol,2021,28(3):187-191.
[13] 王宇,贾蕾,董帅兵,等.北京市新型冠状病毒肺炎境外输入病例流行病学及病例发现特征分析[J].国际病毒学杂志,2021,28(6):498-503.
WANG Y,JIA L,DONG S B,et al.Epidemiological characteristics and case-finding of imported COVID-19 cases in Beijing[J].Int J Virol,2021,28(6):498-503.
[14] MOREIRA ED JR,KITCHIN N,XU X,et al.Safety and efficacy of a third dose of BNT162b2 Covid-19 vaccine[J].N Engl J Med,2022,386(20):1910-1921.
[15] NEMET I,KLIKER L,LUSTIG Y,et al.Third BNT162b2 vaccination neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection[J].N Engl J Med,2022,386(5):492-494.
[16] HUANG Q R,ZENG J W,LANG Q Y,et al.Impact of various vaccine boosters on neutralization against omicron following prime vaccinations with inactivated or adenovirus-vectored vaccine[J].Sci Bull,2022,13:1326-1330.
[17] LI X N,HUANG Y,WANG W,et al.Effectiveness of inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines against the Delta variant infection in Guangzhou:a test-negative case-control real-world study[J].Emerg Microbes Infect,2021,10(1):1751-1759.
[18] VOYSEY M,COSTA CLEMENS S A,MADHI S A,et al.Single-dose administration and the influence of the timing of the booster dose on immunogenicity and efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine:a pooled analysis of four randomised trials[J].Lancet,2021,397(10277):881-891.
[19] BERNAL J L,ANDREWS N,GOWER C,et al.Effectiveness of the Pfizer-BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines on covid-19 related symptoms,hospital admissions,and mortality in older adults in England:test negative case-control study[J/OL].BMJ,2021,373[2022-09-19].https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n1088.
[20] CAO Y,WANG J,JIAN F,et al.Omicron escapes the majority of existing SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies[J].Nature,2022,602(7898):657-663. |
|
|
|
