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| A meta-analysis of factors influencing the development of gastric cancer in Chinese populations |
| YANG Dandan1, YAO Xuecheng1, ZHANG Xinhan1, TANG Mengling1,2, WANG Jianbing1,3, JIN Mingjuan1,4, CHEN Kun1,4
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1. School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China;
2. The Fourth Hospital Affiliated toZhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang 322000, China;
3. The Children's Hospital Affiliated toZhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310005, China;
4. The Second Hospital Affiliated toZhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, China |
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Abstract Objective To investigate the factors influencing the development of gastric cancer in Chinese populations, so as provide insights into creating a model for predicting gastric cancer incidence among Chinese populations. Methods The case-control and cohort studies pertaining to factors affecting the development of gastric cancer were retrieved in electronic Chinese and English databases, including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase from their inception until September 30, 2021. A meta-analysis was performed using R package version 4.1.0. Sensitivity analysis was performed using the “leave-one-out” evaluation procedure, and the publication bias was evaluated using the Egger regression test and the trim-and-fill procedure. Results A total of 5 301 publications were screened and 116 eligible studies were included in the final analysis, including 103 case-control studies and 13 cohort studies, which covered approximately 3.23 million study subjects. A total of 45 factors affecting the development of gastric cancer were collected, and there were less than 4 publications reporting 7 factors, which were only qualitatively described. There were 38 factors included in the final meta-analysis. A total of 21 factors were identified as risk factors of gastric cancer, including a history of gastrointestinal diseases (pooled OR=4.85, 95%CI: 3.74-6.29), H. pylori infection (pooled OR=3.18, 95%CI: 2.35-4.32), binge eating and drinking (pooled OR=2.88, 95%CI: 2.09-3.97) and a family history of tumors (pooled OR=2.78, 95%CI: 2.17-3.56), and 10 factors as protective factors, including vegetable intake (pooled OR=0.48, 95%CI: 0.38-0.61), tea consumption (pooled OR=0.55, 95%CI: 0.47-0.64), administration of aspirin (pooled OR=0.53, 95%CI: 0.31-0.92) and administration of statins (pooled OR=0.59, 95%CI: 0.44-0.80). Sensitivity analyses of eating moldy food frequently, white meat intake, favoring spicy food and administration of sulfonylureas were not robust. Following correction with the trim-and-fill procedure, there was still a publication bias pertaining to high income, diabetes, administration of stains, alcohol consumption, tea consumption and white meat intake. Conclusions The development of gastric cancer is associated with a medical history of gastrointestinal disease, H. pylori infection, family history of tumors and poor dietary habits. Risk and protective factors of gastric cancer are recommended to be included in models used to predict gastric cancer incidence among Chinese populations.
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Received: 24 February 2022
Revised: 21 April 2022
Published: 15 June 2022
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