Abstract：Objective To learn the biovars,antimicrobial susceptibility in Ureaplasma species isolated from respiratory tracts of infants hospitalized in tertiary children's hospital,and to provide evidences and clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of Ureaplasma infection in infants.Methods Ureaplasma species cultivation,identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using Mycoplasma IST2.The primers according to the conservative MB-Ag gene were designed to identify Ureaplasma biovars.Erythromcin resistant genes (ermA,ermB and ermC) and active efflux transporter genes (mefA/E,msrA/B and mreA)were amplified using PCRs.Results A total of 78 Ureaplasma positive cases,of them,48 Ureaplasma strains were isolated from premature neonates.Biovar 1 was present in 51(65.38%) strains,and biovar 2 was present in 27(34.62%) strains.There were no significant differences among sex,premature infant,age,gestational age,birth weight,length of stay(P＞0.05).The drug resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were and to tetracycline was 1.28%.All strains were sensitive to doxycycline,josamycin and pristinomycin.The drug resistance rates to the macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin,azithromycinand and clarithromycin) were <12%.There was no statistically significant difference among the drug resistance rates of different biovars and these antibiotics (P>0.05).Only the methylated enzyme gene (ermB) and the active efflux pump gene (msrA/B) were detected,and the detection rate was 39.74% and 12.82% respectively.The ermB gene mainly exists in biovar 2,and the detection rate is 55.56%(P＜0.05).The msrA/B was balanced distributed between biovar 1 and 2(P> 0.05).A total of 78 Ureaplasma strains were isolated from 24 cases of neonatal septicemia,30 cases of congenital infection pneumonia,9 cases of retinopathy of prematurity,9 cases of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage,and 15 cases of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.Conclusion Biovar 1 is more prevalent in Ureaplasma species isolated from infant respiratory tract,and higher detection rate of Ureaplasma is found in the preterm infants.All Ureaplasma strains have high drug resistance to both ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin,but low drug resistance to the macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin,azithromycin and clarithromyc) ,that could be used as a first choice for the treatment of Ureaplasma infection.Erythromycin resistance gene ermB,mainly exists in biovar 2.
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