Abstract：Objective To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia among adult professional athletes in Guangdong Province, so as to provide insights into dyslipidemia screening and health management among professional athletes. Methods In 2019, active athletes at ages of 18 to 30 years were recruited from 12 provincial sports teams in Guangdong Province using a cluster sampling method. A self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted to collect gender, age and sport items, and the levels of triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were detected. The non-HDL-C level was calculated, and the gender- and sport item-specific prevalence of dyslipidemia was estimated. Results Totally 460 athletes were investigated, including 245 males (53.26%) and 215 females (46.74%), with a mean age of (21.91±2.77) years. The overall detection of dyslipidemia was 25.87%, and the detection rates of high TG, high TC, high LDL-C, low-HDL-C and high non-HDL-C were 20.22%, 5.87%, 13.04%, 3.26% and 9.57%, respectively. The detection rates of high TG (9.39% vs. 1.86%; χ2=11.743, P<0.05), low HDL-C (5.31% vs. 0.93%; χ2=6.951, P<0.05) and high non-HDL-C (12.24% vs. 6.51%; χ2=4.351, P<0.05) were significantly greater in men than in women, and the detection of high TC was lower in men than in women (17.96% vs. 22.79%; χ2=8.627, P<0.05). There was a significant difference in the detection of dyslipidemia among athletes engaging in different sport items (χ2=47.552, P<0.05), and a high detection rate of dyslipidemia was seen in baseball athletes (34.29%), softball athletes (37.04%), shooting/archery athletes (52.73%). Conclusions The prevalence of dyslipidemia was 25.87% among adult professional athletes in Guangdong Province, and high TC in combination with high LDL-C were the predominant type of dyslipidemia. The management of blood lipids should be given a high priority to male athletes and baseball, softball and shooting/archery athletes.
[1] AGOSTINETE R R,DUARTE J P,VALENTE-DOS-SANTOS J,et al.Bone tissue, blood lipids and inflammatory profiles in adolescent male athletes from sports contrasting in mechanical load[J/OL].PLoS One,2017,12(6)[2022-04-02].https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0180357. [2] D'ASCENZI F,CASELLI S,ALVINO F,et al.Cardiovascular risk profile in Olympic athletes:an unexpected and underestimated risk scenario[J].Br J Sports Med,2019,53(1):37-42. [3] 胡小琴,李璟,宋克宁.国家队女子举重运动员代谢指标检测分析[J].中国运动医学杂志,2013,32(10):919-920. HU X Q,LI J,SONG K N.Analysis of metabolic indexes of National team female weightlifters[J].Chin J Sports Med,2013,32(10):919-920. [4] 赵瑞,黄胜楠,肖暖.中等强度有氧运动预防高胆固醇血症患者动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病效果评价[J].预防医学,2022,34(1):58-62. ZHAO R,HUANG S N,XIAO N.Effectiveness of moderate aerobic exercise on prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases in patients with hypercholesterolemia[J].Prev Med,2022,34(1):58-62. [5] DUYULER S.Myocardial performance in elite athletes:the role of homocysteine,iron,and lipids[J].Med Sci Monit,2019,25:1194-1203. [6] 中国成人血脂异常防治指南修订联合委员会.中国成人血脂异常防治指南(2016年修订版)[J].中华健康管理学杂志,2017,11(1):7-28. Joint Committee Issued Chinese Guideline for the Management of Dyslipidemia in Adults.2016 Chinese guideline for the management of dyslipidemia in adults[J].Chin J Health Manag,2017,11(1):7-28. [7] 谭燮文,李力,刘健,等.2013年广州地区体检人群血脂分布特征[J].中国实用内科杂志,2014,34(Suppl.2):1-4. TAN X W,LI L,LIU J,et al.Distribution features of blood lipids among physical examination population in Guangzhou in 2013[J].Chin Pract Intern Med,2014,34(Suppl.2):1-4. [8] 林锦波,刘陈黎,张云凤,等.深圳市社区健康体检人群血脂水平分析[J].广东医学,2015,36(11):1743-1745. LIN J B,LIU C L,ZHANG Y F,et al.Analysis of blood lipid levels in Shenzhen community health check-up population[J].Guangdong Med J,2015,36(11):1743-1745. [9] 杨海珍,陆朝晖,张文雅,等.苏州市35岁以下健康体检人群血脂相关指标分析[J].临床输血与检验,2017,19(5):465-467. YANG H Z,LU Z H,ZHANG W Y,et al.Analysis of blood lipid related indexes in healthy people under 35 years old in Suzhou[J].J Clin Transfus Lab Med,2017,19(5):465-467. [10] 贾文娟. 不同强度运动对女运动员月经周期性激素水平的影响及调整对策[J].绵阳师范学院学报,2008,27(11):134-137. JIA W J.Effects if different intensities of exercise on the menstrual cycle hormone levels of female athletes and their adjustment countermeasures[J].J Mianyang Normal Univ,2008,27(11):134-137. [11] RICKENLUND A,ERIKSSON M J,SCHENCK-GUSTAFSSON K,et al.Amenorrhea in female athletes is associated with endothelial dysfunction and unfavorable lipid profile[J].J Clin Endocrinol Metab,2005,90(3):1354-1359. [12] ZACHAREWICZ E,HESSELINK M K C,SCHRAUWEN P.Exercise counteracts lipotoxicity by improving lipid turnover and lipid droplet quality[J].J Intern Med,2018,284(5):505-518. [13] VARAEVA Y R,LIVANTSOVA E N,POLENOVA N V,et al.Characteristics of blood lipid profiles of professional athletes:a literature review[J].Curr Pharm Des,2020,26(1):98-102. [14] 宓云峰,励丽,胡芳芳,等.两种不同频率运动对肥胖患者的干预效果比较[J].预防医学,2018,30(4):367-369. MI Y F,LI L,HU F F,et al.Intervention effect of exercise with different intensities on obese patients[J].Prev Med,2018,30(4):367-369. [15] 俞志红,朱利月,周欢琴.规律有氧运动对原发性高血压患者动脉弹性的影响[J].预防医学,2016,28(3):240-243. YU Z H,ZHU L Y,ZHOU H Q.A study on the effect of regular aerobic exercise on artery elasticity among patients with essential hypertension[J].Prev Med,2016,28(3):240-243.
