Abstract：Objective To investigate the characteristics of HIV-1 molecular transmission network among HIV/AIDS patients in parts of Jiangxi Province, so as to provide insights into guiding AIDS prevention and intervention. Methods The HIV/AIDS patients newly reported from January to June 2018 in Shangrao City, Yichun City and Ganzhou City were recruited, and demographic information and infection routes were collected. Blood samples were obtained to extract HIV RNA, and HIV-1 pol gene was amplified and sequenced using reverse transcription PCR and nested PCR assays. Gene subtypes were analyzed by constructing a phylogenetic tree. Molecular transmission network was constructed using gene-set distance, and the clustering patterns and the characteristics of HIV/AIDS patients within the clusters were analyzed. Results A total of 305 pol gene sequences were obtained successfully, including 231 males (75.74%), 184 patients aged 50 years and above (60.33%), and 288 patients with heterosexual contact (94.43%). The main subtypes were CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE, accounting for 51.48% and 29.18%, respectively. Ganzhou City had the most genetic subtypes, with 8 types. Under the 1.0% gene distance threshold, 27 molecular clusters were established, with 107 nodes and 150 edges, and the molecular clustering rate was 35.08%. The largest molecular cluster involved 30 patients from 7 counties (districts) of Shangrao City. All of them were CRF07_BC subtypes, had an average age of (63.03±9.46) years, and were infected through heterosexual contact. Among the 17 patients with high transmission risk (degree value≥4), 10 patients came from Yushan County. Conclusions The main subtypes of HIV-1 are CRF07_BC and CRF01_AE in parts of Jiangxi Province, and the subtypes in Ganzhou City are diversified. There may be potential transmission risk points in Yushan County.
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