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预防医学  2021, Vol. 33 Issue (2): 111-116    DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2021.02.002
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北京市成年人群饮食行为与慢性病发病风险研究
苏彦萍1, 杨昆2,3, 刘相佟2,3, 赵湛4, 邹德春5, 邹小平6, 张静波7, 牟永敏6, 王艳春1, 郭秀花2,3
1.北京市通州区疾病预防控制中心营养与食品卫生科,北京 101100;
2.首都医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系;
3.北京市临床流行病学重点实验室;
4.中国科学院电子学研究所传感技术国家重点实验室;
5.北京大学化学与分子工程学院;
6.北京信息科技大学计算机学院;
7.北京市体检中心
Relationship between dietary behaviors and risk of noncommunicablediseases among adults in Beijing
YANG Kun, LIU Xiangtong, ZHAO Zhan, ZOU Dechun, ZOU Xiaoping, ZHANG Jingbo, MOU Yongmin, WANG Yanchun, GUO Xiuhua
*Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Tongzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 101100, China
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摘要 目的 分析北京市成年人群的饮食行为与高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病发病风险的关系。方法 以2014—2015年北京市某三甲医院体检的18~60岁集体单位职工为研究对象,通过问卷调查收集人口学信息、饮食行为和生活方式等基线资料;通过5年随访收集高血压、糖尿病和心脑血管疾病发病情况。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病与饮食行为的关联。结果 基线调查纳入12 208人,男性6 218人,占50.93%;女性5 990人,占49.07%。高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病5年累积发病率分别为7.75%、2.72%和3.49%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,饮食口味偏咸(OR=1.422,95%CI:1.191~1.697)、吃饭速度较快(OR=1.457,95%CI:1.102~1.974)、主食细粮为主(OR=1.251,95%CI:1.050~1.490)、饮牛奶频率<1次/周(OR=1.316,95%CI:1.022~1.697)是高血压发病的危险因素;饮食口味偏咸(OR=1.344,95%CI:1.048~1.725)、吃饭速度较快(OR=1.733,95%CI:1.046~2.871)、以肉食为主(OR=1.651,95%CI:1.263~2.158)是糖尿病发病的危险因素;饮食口味偏咸(OR=1.501,95%CI:1.192~1.889)是心脑血管疾病发病的危险因素。结论 北京市成年人群饮食口味偏咸、吃饭速度较快、主食细粮较多和以肉食为主等饮食行为与高血压、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病发病风险相关。
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苏彦萍
杨昆
刘相佟
赵湛
邹德春
邹小平
张静波
牟永敏
王艳春
郭秀花
关键词 饮食行为高血压糖尿病心脑血管疾病危险因素    
AbstractObjective To evaluate the effects of dietary behaviors on the risk of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Methods A total of 12 208 subjects aged 18-60 years old were investigated by questionnaires to collect demographic data, dietary behaviors and lifestyle information, when they did health examination in a tertiary hospital in Beijing from 2014 to 2019. During the observation period of five year, the incidence of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases were collected through health examination files every year. The multivariate logistic regression model was employed to analyze the associations of dietary behaviors with hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Results The study included 6 218 ( 50.93% ) males and 5 990 ( 49.07% ) females. The cumulative incidence rates of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases were 7.75%, 2.72% and 3.49%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the high-sodium diet ( OR=1.422, 95%CI: 1.191-1.697 ) , eating fast ( OR=1.457, 95%CI: 1.102-1.974 ), eating more refined grain ( OR=1.251, 95%CI: 1.050-1.490 ) and drinking milk less than once a week ( OR=1.316, 95%CI: 1.022-1.697 ) were risk factors for hypertension. The high-sodium diet ( OR=1.344, 95%CI: 1.048-1.725 ), eating fast ( OR=1.733, 95%CI: 1.046-2.871 ), eating more meat ( OR=1.651,95%CI: 1.263-2.158 ) were risk factors for diabetes. High-sodium diet ( OR=1.501, 95%CI: 1.192-1.889 ) was risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Conclusion The diet with high sodium, more meat and refined grain as well as eating fast can increase the risk of hypertension, diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
Key wordsdietary behavior    hypertension    diabetes    cardiovascular diseases    risk factor
收稿日期: 2020-07-27      修回日期: 2020-11-02      出版日期: 2021-02-10
中图分类号:  R193  
基金资助:国家自然科学基金(81530087); 北京市自然科学基金(Z160002)
通信作者: 郭秀花,E-mail:guoxih@ccmu.edu.cn   
作者简介: 苏彦萍,本科,副主任医师,主要从事营养与食品卫生研究工作
引用本文:   
苏彦萍, 杨昆, 刘相佟, 赵湛, 邹德春, 邹小平, 张静波, 牟永敏, 王艳春, 郭秀花. 北京市成年人群饮食行为与慢性病发病风险研究[J]. 预防医学, 2021, 33(2): 111-116.
YANG Kun, LIU Xiangtong, ZHAO Zhan, ZOU Dechun, ZOU Xiaoping, ZHANG Jingbo, MOU Yongmin, WANG Yanchun, GUO Xiuhua. Relationship between dietary behaviors and risk of noncommunicablediseases among adults in Beijing. Preventive Medicine, 2021, 33(2): 111-116.
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http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2021.02.002      或      http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/Y2021/V33/I2/111
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