Abstract：Objective To investigate the comorbidity of abnormal spinal curvature and screening myopia among primary and middle school students in Taizhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the reference for the prevention and control of abnormal spinal curvature and myopia among children and adolescents. Methods Students from nine counties (cities, districts) in Taizhou City were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. Basic information, sleep, physical activity, diet, electronic device usage, frequency of seat changes, after class study, reading and writing posture, and eye-use habits were collected through questionnaire surveys. Abnormal spinal curvature was screened according to the Technical Guidelines for the Prevention and Control of Abnormal Spinal Curvature in Children and Adolescents. Myopia was screened based on Specification for Screening of Refractive Error in Primary and Middle School Students (WS/T 663—2020). The influencing factors for the comorbidity of abnormal spinal curvature and screening myopia were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results A total of 13 596 students were surveyed, including 7 423 males (54.60%) and 6 173 females (45.40%). The average age was (13.45±2.59) years. The prevanlece of the comorbidity of abnormal spinal curvature and screening myopia, was 2.90% (394 cases). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that students who used computers for <1 hour in the past 7 days (not use as the reference, OR=1.312, 95%CI: 1.023-1.684), after class study for ≥3 hours in the past 7 days (OR=1.513, 95%CI: 1.068-2.143), and frequently/always read books or watched screens under direct sunlight (OR=1.604, 95%CI: 1.018-2.526) had a higher risk of the comorbidity of abnormal spinal curvature and screening myopia. In contrast, the students who slept for >9 h/d (OR=0.638, 95%CI: 0.411-0.991), engaged in outdoor activities for ≥3 h/d in the past 7 days (OR=0.645, 95%CI: 0.427-0.975), and changed seats once per month or more (OR=0.740, 95%CI: 0.573-0.955) had a lower risk of the comorbidity of abnormal spinal curvature and screening myopia. Conclusion The comorbidity of abnormal spinal curvature and screening myopia among primary and middle school students is mainly influenced by sleep, physical activity, electronic device use, frequency of seat changes, after class study and eye-use habits.
[1] 陈琳瑶,林旭琛,李炼冲,等.汕头市澄海区2019—2023年中小学生脊柱侧弯与近视共患现状及相关因素分析[J].汕头大学医学院学报,2024,37(3):170-175. CHEN L Y,LIN X C,LI L C,et al.Analysis of the current situation and relevant factors of scoliosis and myopia comorbidities among primary and secondary school students in Chenghai District of Shantou from 2019 to 2023[J].J Shantou Univ Med Coll,2024,37(3):170-175.(in Chinese) [2] CAI Z M,WU R B,ZHENG S K,et al.Morphology and epidemiological study of idiopathic scoliosis among primary school students in Chaozhou,China[J/OL].Environ Health Prev Med,2021,26[2025-03-21].https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-021-00989-3. [3] 孙艺,林蓉,曲亚斌,等.广州市2019—2023年中小学生脊柱弯曲异常与近视共患流行状况及相关因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2024,51(20):3719-3724,3798. SUN Y,LIN R,QU Y B,et al.Epidemic status and relevant factors on the co-morbidity of spinal curvature abnormality and myopia among primary and middle school students,Guangzhou,2019-2023[J].Mod Prev Med,2024,51(20):3719-3724,3798.(in Chinese) [4] 李娟娟,章荣华,孟佳,等.浙江省中学生脊柱弯曲异常的影响因素研究[J].预防医学,2024,36(12):1036-1039,1044. LI J J,ZHANG R H,MENG J,et al.Influencing factors for abnormal spinal curvature among middle school students in Zhejiang Province[J].China Prev Med J,2024,36(12):1036-1039,1044.(in Chinese) [5] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会疾病预防控制局.《儿童青少年脊柱弯曲异常防控技术指南》及编写说明[EB/OL].[2025-03-21].http://www.nhc.gov.cn/jkj/s5899tg/202111/5579c1240d034ac680a7505994aa082d.shtml. [6] 中华人民共和国国家卫生健康委员会.中小学生屈光不正筛查规范:WS/T 663—2020[S].2020. National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China.Specification for screening of refractive error in primary and secondary school students:WS/T 663—2020[S].2020.(in Chinese) [7] 张献伟,陈璐,刘忠慧,等.天津中小学生近视与脊柱侧弯共患现状及学校环境风险因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2024,45(5):626-629,634. ZHANG X W,CHEN L,LIU Z H,et al.Comorbidity of myopia and scoliosis in primary and secondary school students and analysis of risk factors in school environment in Tianjin[J].Chin J Sch Health,2024,45(5):626-629,634.(in Chinese) [8] LIANG Z T,GUO C F,LI J,et al.The role of endocrine hormones in the pathogenesis of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis[J/OL].FASEB J,2021,35(9)[2025-03-21].https://doi.org/10.1096/fj.202100759R. [9] 石龙华,荣爽,程茅伟,等.湖北省中小学生近视流行现状及其影响因素分析[J].现代预防医学,2021,48(4):649-653. SHI L H,RONG S,CHENG M W,et al.Prevalence of myopia and influencing factors among primary and middle school students in Hubei Province[J].Mod Prev Med,2021,48(4):649-653.(in Chinese) [10] 贾娟娟,林云,朱国英,等.嘉兴市中小学生脊柱侧弯调查[J].预防医学,2022,34(8):782-787. JIA J J,LIN Y,ZHU G Y,et al.A cross-sectional study on prevalence of scoliosis among primary and middle school students in Jiaxing City[J].China Prev Med J,2022,34(8):782-787.(in Chinese) [11] 邱林,夏佳龙,周鑫岑,等.2021—2023年成都市郫都区中小学生近视情况及影响因素分析[J/OL].预防医学情报杂志,2024[2025-03-21].https://doi.org/10.19971/j.cnki.1006-4028.240191. QIU L,XIA J L,ZHOU X C,et al.The myopia prevalence and influencing factors among primary and middle school students in Pidu District of Chengdu from2021 to 2023[J/OL].J Prev Med Inf,2024[2025-03-21].https://doi.org/10.19971/j.cnki.1006-4028.240191.(in Chinese) [12] GALLEGO-SILES J R,SILES-FUENTES M J,IBÁÑEZ-VERA A J,et al.Idiopathic scoliosis in subjects with eye diseases:a systematic review with meta-analysis[J].Ann N Y Acad Sci,2024,1533(1):81-88. [13] 高帆,刘雅倩,陈艳,等.中小学生睡眠时间与视力不良的关联研究[J].预防医学,2021,33(9):869-872. GAO F,LIU Y Q,CHEN Y,et al.Association between low vision and sleep duration among primary and middle school students[J].China Prev Med J,2021,33(9):869-872.(in Chinese) [14] 崔晓丽,冯芳,陈艳平.郑州市6~12岁儿童脊柱侧弯病例生活行为调查[J].华南预防医学,2022,48(3):337-339,343. CUI X L,FENG F,CHEN Y P.Survey on the lifestyle behaviors of scoliosis cases among children aged 6 to 12 years old in Zhengzhou City[J].South China J Prev Med,2022,48(3):337-339,343.(in Chinese) [15] JONES-JORDAN L A,SINNOTT L T,COTTER S A,et al.Time outdoors,visual activity,and myopia progression in juvenile-onset myopes[J].Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,2012,53(11):7169-7175. [16] 杨田,张秀红,高昇,等.内蒙古自治区中学生脊柱弯曲异常现状及影响因素分析[J].中国学校卫生,2023,44(3):447-450. YANG T,ZHANG X H,GAO S,et al.Abnormal spinal curvature and its influencing factors among middle and high school students in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region[J].Chin J Sch Health,2023,44(3):447-450.(in Chinese)
