初中学生乙型病毒性肝炎防治知识、态度、行为调查

doi:10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2023.12.019

预防医学

2023, Vol. 35

Issue (12): 1097-1101 DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2023.12.019

健康教育

本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索

初中学生乙型病毒性肝炎防治知识、态度、行为调查

陈奕婷¹, 沈旭娟²

1.杭州市临平区东湖街道社区卫生服务中心,浙江杭州 311100;
2.杭州市临平区疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州 311100

Knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B prevention and control among junior high school students

CHEN Yiting¹, SHEN Xujuan²

1. Donghu Street, Community Health Service Center, Linping District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, China;
2. Linping District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311100, China

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摘要目的了解杭州市临平区初中学生乙型病毒性肝炎（乙肝）防治知识、态度和行为情况, 为青少年乙肝防控提供依据。方法采用整群随机抽样方法, 从临平区12所公办初中学校初二年级各抽取2个班级在校学生为调查对象。通过问卷调查收集学生乙肝防治相关知识、态度和行为资料; 采用多因素logistic回归模型分析学生乙肝防治知识、态度和行为的影响因素。结果发放问卷1 102份, 回收有效问卷1 094份, 问卷有效率为99.27%。男生540人, 占49.36%; 女生554人, 占50.64%。农村542人, 占49.54%; 城市552人, 占50.46%。乙肝防治知识知晓率为43.60%, 其中 “ 安全套可以预防乙肝 ” 知晓率较低, 为21.12%; 正确态度持有率为57.77%, 其中 “ 自己患乙肝会告诉他人 ” 持有率较低, 为38.67%; 正向行为持有率为80.07%, 其中 “ 近5年内接种过乙肝疫苗 ” 持有率较低, 为16.54%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示, 性别（女, OR=1.483, 95%CI：1.159~1.898）、户籍（城市, OR=1.300, 95%CI：1.011~1.670）和父母最高学历（高中或中专, OR=0.703, 95%CI：0.532~0.929）是学生乙肝防治知识知晓的影响因素; 父母最高学历（高中或中专, OR=0.705, 95%CI：0.533~0.934）、担任班干部（OR=1.449, 95%CI：1.128~1.860）是学生乙肝防治态度持有的影响因素; 户籍（城市, OR=1.566, 95%CI：1.144~2.143）和知识获取途径（网络或杂志, OR=0.473, 95%CI：0.288~0.776）是学生乙肝防治行为持有的影响因素。结论临平区初中学生乙肝防治知识知晓率、正确态度持有率及乙肝疫苗接种行为持有率低。需有针对性地加强乙肝防治健康教育, 促进乙肝疫苗接种。

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关键词 ：乙型病毒性肝炎, 知识, 态度, 行为, 健康教育, 中学生

Abstract：Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B prevention and control among junior high school students in Linping District, Hangzhou City, so as to provide insights into management of hepatitis B among adolescents. Methods Two classes were sampled using a cluster sampling method from grades 2 in 12 public junior high schools in Linping District, and all students in these two classes were enrolled. Students' knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B prevention and control were collected using questionnaire surveys, and factors affecting knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B prevention and control were identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results A total of 1 102 questionnaires were allocated and 1 094 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 99.27%. The respondents included 540 males (49.36%) and 554 females (50.64%), and 542 rural students (49.54%) and 552 urban students (50.46%). The awareness of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge was 43.60%, and a low awareness rate was seen for the item “use of condom may prevent hepatitis B” (21.12%). The percentage of correct attitudes towards hepatitis B prevention and control was 57.77%, and a low percentage was found for the item “individuals living with hepatitis B will tell others” (38.67%). The percentage of positive practices towards hepatitis B prevention and control was 80.07%, and a low percentage was seen for the item “hepatitis B vaccines have been inoculated in recent five years” (16.54%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified gender (females, OR=1.483, 95%CI: 1.159-1.898), household registration (urban, OR=1.300, 95%CI: 1.011-1.670), and parental highest educational level (high school or technical secondary school, OR=0.703, 95%CI: 0.532-0.929) as factors affecting the awareness of hepatitis B prevention and control knowledge among junior high students, and parental highest educational level (high school or technical secondary school, OR=0.705, 95%CI: 0.533-0.934) and serving as class cadres (OR=1.449, 95%CI: 1.128-1.860) were factors affecting the attitudes hepatitis B prevention and control, while household registration (urban, OR=1.566, 95%CI: 1.144-2.143) and route of acquiring hepatitis B control knowledge (internet or magazine, OR=0.473, 95%CI: 0.288-0.776) were factors affecting the formation of practices towards hepatitis B prevention and control. Conclusions The overall awareness of and percentage of attitudes towards hepatitis B prevention and control, and the percentage of hepatitis B vaccination are low among junior high school students in Linping District. Targeted health education pertaining to hepatitis B prevention and control is required to be reinforced and promotion of hepatitis B vaccination is recommended.

Key words： viral hepatitis B knowledge attitude practice health education junior high school student

收稿日期: 2023-08-08 修回日期: 2023-09-21

中图分类号:

R512.62

作者简介: 陈奕婷,本科,主治医师,主要从事全科医学和公共卫生工作

通信作者: 沈旭娟,E-mail：569096588@qq.com

引用本文:

陈奕婷, 沈旭娟. 初中学生乙型病毒性肝炎防治知识、态度、行为调查[J]. 预防医学, 2023, 35(12): 1097-1101.
CHEN Yiting, SHEN Xujuan. Knowledge, attitude and practice of hepatitis B prevention and control among junior high school students. Preventive Medicine, 2023, 35(12): 1097-1101.

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http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2023.12.019 或 http://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/Y2023/V35/I12/1097

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