2016—2020年宁波市严重精神障碍患者死亡及减寿分析

doi:10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2022.12.007

预防医学

2022, Vol. 34

Issue (12): 1224-1229 DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2022.12.007

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2016—2020年宁波市严重精神障碍患者死亡及减寿分析

王云锋, 李链, 宋平, 杨红英, 李金成, 王玉成

宁波市康宁医院防治科,浙江宁波 315201

Mortality and life lost due to severe mental disorders in Ningbo Cityfrom 2016 to 2020

WANG Yunfeng, LI Lian, SONG Ping, YANG Hongying, LI Jincheng, WANG Yucheng

Department of Disease Prevention and Treatment, Ningbo Kangning Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315201, China

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摘要目的了解2016—2020年宁波市户籍在管严重精神障碍患者死亡与减寿情况,为制定严重精神障碍防治策略提供依据。方法通过宁波市精神卫生信息管理系统收集2016—2020年宁波市户籍在管严重精神障碍死亡患者资料,分析人口学特征和死因分布;采用潜在减寿年数（YPLL）、潜在减寿率（YPLLR）和平均减寿年数（AYLL）分析严重精神障碍死亡患者的寿命损失。结果 2016—2020年宁波市户籍在管严重精神障碍患者死亡3 350例,死亡率为1 962/10万。其中,精神分裂症2 490例,占74.33％;男性1 640例,占48.96%;农民1 877例,占56.03%;小学及以下学历2 622例,占78.27%。患者死亡年龄M（Q_R）为66.8（20.1）岁,病程M（Q_R）为25.8（26.7）年;男性患者死亡年龄M（Q_R）为63.7（18.5）岁,小于女性的70.0（19.6）岁（χ²=132.633,P<0.001）;精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍患者的病程最长且死亡年龄最小,M（Q_R）分别为40.3（34.1）年和61.4（21.9）岁。主要死因为躯体疾病,2 754例占82.21%。全部死因造成的YPLL为44 417.32人年,AYLL为15.61年,YPLLR为6.21‰。男性AYLL为17.33年,高于女性的13.75年（χ²=68.254,P<0.001）。精神分裂症患者的YPLL为30 156.80人年;精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍患者的AYLL为20.87年。结论 2016—2020年宁波市户籍在管严重精神障碍患者死亡的主要原因为各种躯体疾病;对男性、精神分裂症和精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍患者的寿命影响较大。

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关键词 ：严重精神障碍, 死亡率, 死因, 潜在减寿年数

Abstract：Objective To investigate the mortality and life lost among patients with severe mental illness (SMI) that were registered in Ningbo City from 2016 to 2020, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the SMI control strategy. Methods All data pertaining to dead SMI patients registered in Ningbo City from 2016 to 2020 were extracted from Ningbo Municipal Mental Health Information Management System. The demographic characteristics and causes of death were analyzed among dead SMI patients, and the life lost was analyzed among dead SMI patients using years of potential life lost (YPLL), years of potential life lost rate (YPLLR) and average years of life lost (AYLL). Results A total of 3 350 deaths occurred among SMI patients registered in Ningbo City from 2016 to 2020, with mortality of 1 962/10⁵, including 2 490 patients with schizophrenia (74.33%), 1 640 men (48.96%), 1 877 farmers (56.03%), and 2 622 patients with an educational level of primary school and below (78.27%). The dead SMI patients had a median age of 66.8 (interquartile range, 20.1) years at death, and median disease course of 25.8 (interquartile range, 26.7) years. The median age at death was 63.7 (interquartile range, 18.5) years among men, which was significantly lower than that (median, 70.0 years; interquartile range, 19.6 years) among women (χ²=132.633, P<0.001). The patients with mental retardation complicated by mental disorders had the longest disease course (median, 40.3 years; interquartile range, 34.1 years) and the lowest age at death (median, 61.4 years; interquartile range, 21.9 years). Physical disease was identified as the predominant cause of death (2 754 cases, 82.21%), and the YPLL, AYLL and YPLLR due to all causes of death were 44 417.32 person-years, 15.61 years and 6.21‰. The AYLL was significantly greater among men than among women (17.33 vs. 13.75 years; χ²=68.254, P<0.001). The YPLL was 30 156.80 person-years among patients with schizophrenia, and the AYLL was 20.87 years among patients with mental retardation complicated by mental disorders. Conclusions Physical disease was the main cause of death among SMI patients registered in Ningbo City from 2016 to 2020, which posed a great effect on the lifespan among men and patients with schizophrenia and mental retardation complicated by mental disorders.

Key words： severe mental disorder mortality cause of death years of potential life lost

收稿日期: 2022-06-20 修回日期: 2022-09-21 出版日期: 2022-12-10

中图分类号:

R749.1

基金资助:宁波市医学重点学科建设项目（2022-F28）

通信作者: 王玉成,E-mail：462605905@qq.com

作者简介: 王云锋,本科,主治医师,主要从事社区精神疾病预防控制工作

引用本文:

王云锋, 李链, 宋平, 杨红英, 李金成, 王玉成. 2016—2020年宁波市严重精神障碍患者死亡及减寿分析[J]. 预防医学, 2022, 34(12): 1224-1229.
WANG Yunfeng, LI Lian, SONG Ping, YANG Hongying, LI Jincheng, WANG Yucheng. Mortality and life lost due to severe mental disorders in Ningbo Cityfrom 2016 to 2020. Preventive Medicine, 2022, 34(12): 1224-1229.

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