1. Department of Quality Management, Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; 2. Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China; 3. Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China
Abstract：Objective To establish a microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry assay for simultaneous determination of multiple elements in placenta. Methods Fresh placental tissues were dried at 60 ℃ for 15 h and ground into power. Then, 0.3 g homogenized samples were digested in a microwave digestion system. The interference from mass spectrometry was removed using the kinetic energy discrimination model in the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the baseline interference was removed by online internal standards. The contents of 17 elements were determined in placental specimens using the established microwave digestion -inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry assay, including V, Ni, Co, Fe, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mn, As, Sn, Sb, Ba, Se, Cd, Pb, Hg and Tl. Results Good linearity was shown for V, Ni, Co, Cr, As, Se, Cd, Pb and Tl at 1 to 50 µg/L, Fe at 100 to 5 000 µg/L, Zn, Cu, Mn and Ba at 10 to 500 µg/L, Sn and Sb at 0.1 to 5 µg/L, and Hg at 0.2 to 2 µg/L, with all correlation coefficients of 0.999 8 and higher. The detection limits of these 17 elements ranged from 0.5 to 100 μg/kg, with relative standard deviations of 2.1% to 6.5%, and recovery rates of 83.3% to 110.0%. The determination results of 17 elements were all within the normal reference range defined in the certified reference materials of chicken (GBW10018). Conclusions The microwave digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry established based on optimized pretreatments and mass spectrometry detection conditions, is feasible for simultaneous determination of multiple elements in placenta.
[1] MIKENLSON C K,TROISI J,LALONDE A,et al.Placental concentrations of essential, toxic, and understudied metals and relationships with birth outcomes in Chattanooga,TN[J]. Environ Res,2019,168:118-129. [2] WELLS P G,LEE C J,MCCALLUM G P,et al.Receptor-and reactive intermediate-mediated mechanisms of teratogenesis[J]. Handb Exp Pharmacol,2010,196:131-162. [3] 边沁. 孕期重金属暴露对胎儿和新生儿生长发育的影响及胎盘屏障作用的研究[D]. 兰州:兰州大学,2018. BIAN Q.Effects of heavy metal exposure during pregnancy on the growth of fetuses and newborns and the role of placental barrier[D].Lanzhou:Lanzhou University,2018. [4] SILVER M K,ARAIN A L,SHAO J,et al.Distribution and predictors of 20 toxic and essential metals in the umbilical cord blood of Chinese newborns[J].Chemosphere,2018,210:1167-1175. [5] ESTEBAN-VASALLO M D,ARAGONÉS N,POLLAN M,et al. Mercury,cadmium,and lead levels in human placenta:a systematic review[J]. Environ Health Perspect,2012,120(10):1369-1377. [6] 刘丽筠,姚强,赵洪玥,等. 成都地区足月新生儿胎盘铅镉元素的分布特点[J]. 重庆医学,2017,46(31):4336-4341. LIU L Y,YAO Q,ZHAO H Y,et al.Distribution characteristics of lead and cadmium in placenta of full-term newborns in Chengdu[J]. Chongqing Med,2017,46(31):4336-4341. [7] SABRA S,MALMQVIST E,SABORIT A,et al.Heavy Metals exposure levels and their correlation with different clinical forms of fetal growth restriction[J/OL]. PLoS One,2017,12(10)[2022-03-14].https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0185645. [8] 王晔,郭和光,余娟. 水浴浸提-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定粉丝铝含量[J]. 预防医学,2020,32(2):208-210. WANG Y,GUO H G,YU J.Determination of aluminum in vermicelli by boiling water bath extraction and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry[J].Prev Med,2020,32(2):208-210. [9] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局,国家标准化管理委员会. 实验室质量控制规范食品理化检测:GB/T 27404—2008 [S]. 北京:中国标准出版社,2008. General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine,Standardization Administration of the People's Republic of China.Criterion on quality control of laboratories-Chemical testing of food:GB/T 27404-2008[S]Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008. [10] ZHOU C,ZHANG R,CAI X P,et al.Trace elements profiles of maternal blood,umbilical cord blood,and placenta in Beijing,China[J]. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med,2019,32(11):1755-1761. [11] IWAI-SHIMADA M,KAMEO S,NAKAI K,et al. Exposure profile of mercury,lead,cadmium,arsenic,antimony,copper,selenium and zinc in maternal blood,cord blood and placenta:the Tohoku Study of Child Development in Japan [J/OL]. Environ Health Prev Med,2019,24(1)[2022-03-14].https://doi.org/10.1186/s12199-019-0783-y. [12] LAETITIA M,LINDA A,SHANE A N,et al. Assessment of placental metal levels in a South African cohort [J/OL]. Environ Monit Assess,2019,191(8)[2022-03-14].https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-019-7638-2. [13] IYENGAR G V,RAPP A.Human placenta as a “dual” biomarker for monitoring fetal and maternal environment with special reference to potentially toxic trace elements. Part 2:essential minor,trace and other(non-essential)elements in human placenta[J]. Sci Total Environ,2001,280(1/2/3):207-219.
