Abstract：Objective To investigate the epidemiological and spatio-temporal characteristics of influenza in Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into perfecting the prevention and control strategies of influenza. Methods Data of influenza in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023 were collected from the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Population data of the same period were collected from the Zhejiang Health Information Network Reporting System. The epidemiological characteristics of influenza were analyzed using descriptive analysis. Vector map information was collected from the Open Street Map, and the spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of influenza were analyzed using spatial autocorrelation and spatio-temporal scanning. Results A total of 181 501 cases of influenza were reported in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023, with an average annual reported incidence of 653.93/105. The majority of cases were aged 5 to <15 years (59 785 cases, 32.94%). The majority of the occupations were students (78 239 cases, 43.11%) and pre-school children (33 715 cases, 18.58%). The county (city, district) with the highest reported incidence was Haining City (1 451.70/105), and the town (street) with the highest reported incidence was Chang'an Town (1 932.78/105). Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the incidence of influenza in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023 had positive spatial correlations (all Moran's I>0, all P<0.05), with a high-high clustering in the southern region. Spatio-temporal scanning analysis showed that there was a spatio-temporal clustering of influenza in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023, with the southern region being the primary-type clustering area and the period between November and January of the following year being the clustering time. Conclusion There was a significant spatio-temporal clustering of influenza in Jiaxing City from 2019 to 2023, with winter being the peak season and the southern region being the primary area.
[1] IULIANO A D,ROGUSKI K M,CHANG H H,et al.Estimates of global seasonal influenza-associated respiratory mortality:a modelling study[J].Lancet,2018,391(10127):1285-1300. [2] FENG L Z,FENG S,CHEN T,et al.Burden of influenza-associated outpatient influenza-like illness consultations in China,2006-2015:a population-based study[J].Influenza Other Respir Viruses,2020,14(2):162-172. [3] LI L,LIU Y N,WU P,et al.Influenza-associated excess respiratory mortality in China,2010-15:a population-based study[J/OL]. Lancet Public Health,2019,4(9)[2024-10-09].https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(19)30163-X. [4] 刘海霞,杨筱婷,张宏,等.2016—2020年甘肃省流行性感冒时间风险特征时空分布[J].疾病监测,2022,37(1):62-66. LIU H X,YANG X T,ZHANG H,et al.Spatiotemporal distribution of influenza temporal risk characteristics in Gansu[J].Dis Surveill,2022,37(1):62-66.(in Chinese) [5] 高桂玲,王超,吕锡宏,等.2014—2020年上海市松江区猩红热时空分布特征分析[J].实用预防医学,2023,30(1):16-20. GAO G L,WANG C,LYU X H,et al.Temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of scarlet fever in Songjiang District of Shanghai,2014-2020[J].Pract Prev Med,2023,30(1):16-20.(in Chinese) [6] 邓特,黄勇,顾菁,等.空间分析中空间自相关性的诊断[J].中国卫生统计,2013,30(3):343-346. DENG T,HUANG Y,GU J,et al.Diagnosis of spatial autocorrelation in spatial analysis[J].Chin J Health Stat,2013,30(3):343-346.(in Chinese) [7] 李秀央,陈坤.扫描统计量的理论及其在空间流行病学中的应用[J].中华流行病学杂志,2008,29(8):828-831. LI X Y,CHEN K.Scan statistic theory and its application in spatial epidemiology[J].Chin J Epidemiol,2008,29(8):828-831.(in Chinese) [8] WU H C,XUE M,WU C,et al.Estimation of influenza incidence and analysis of epidemic characteristics from 2009 to 2022 in Zhejiang Province,China[J/OL].Front Public Health,2023,11[2024-10-09].https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1154944. [9] HUANG W J,CHENG Y H,TIAN M J,et al. Epidemiological and virological surveillance of influenza viruses in China during2020-2021[J/OL].Infect Dis Poverty,2022,11(1)[2024-10-09].https://doi.org/10.1186/s40249-022-01002-x. [10] 傅伟杰,胡茂红,章承锋,等.新冠疫情对江西省流感时空流行特征的影响分析[J].现代预防医学,2023,50(14):2683-2688. FU W J,HU M H,ZHANG C F,et al.Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 on temporal and spatial epidemic characteristics of influenza,Jiangxi[J].Mod Prev Med,2023,50(14):2683-2688.(in Chinese) [11] 郭杨,漆琪,马元俊,等.2021—2022年四川省绵阳地区季节性流感疫苗接种效果分析[J].预防医学情报杂志,2023,39(12):1441-1448. GUO Y,QI Q,MA Y J,et al.Analysis and evaluation of seasonal influenza vaccination effect in Mianyang City,Sichuan Province from 2021 to 2022[J].Prev Med Inf,2023,39(12):1441-1448.(in Chinese) [12] 王栗菲,孙明希,鹿燕青,等.余杭区流行性感冒流行特征分析[J].预防医学,2024,36(7):626-629. WANG L F,SUN M X,LU Y Q,et al.Epidemiological characteristics of influenza in Yuhang District[J].China Prev Med J,2024,36(7):626-629.(in Chinese) [13] 李小平,余东升.城市化是否加剧了传染病区域间传播?——基于空间溢出视角分析[J].经济科学,2022(5):107-119. LI X P,YU D S.Does urbanization aggravate the interregional transmission of infectious diseases? Analysis based on spatial spillover[J].Econo Sci,2022(5):107-119.(in Chinese) [14] 奕天飞,沈鹏,平建明,等.2017—2021年鄞州区流行性感冒时空聚集性分析[J].预防医学,2023,35(9):741-745. YI T F,SHEN P,PING J M,et al.Spatial-temporal clustering analysis of influenza incidence in Yinzhou District from 2017 to 2021[J].China Prev Med J,2023,35(9):741-745.(in Chinese)
