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| Survival analysis of HIV/AIDS cases receiving anti-retroviral therapy in Weinan City from 2004 to 2023 |
| PANG Lin, XU Leitao, LIU Longzhu
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| Weinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Weinan, Shaanxi 714000, China |
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Abstract Objective To investigate the survival status and influencing factors of people living with HIV/AIDS receiving anti-retroviral therapy (ART) ≥5 years in Weinan City, Shaanxi Province from 2004 to 2023, so as to provide the evidence for improving ART effects and quality of life of HIV/AIDS cases. Methods Baseline data including age, CD4+ T lymphocyte (CD4 cell) count, and viral load, as well as follow-up data including death time and cause of death of HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥18 years receiving ART ≥5 years in Weinan City from 2004 to 2023 were collected through the China AIDS Comprehensive Response Information System. The time when HIV/AIDS cases received ART ≥5 years was taken as the starting point, and death from AIDS-related diseases was taken as the outcome. The follow-up end time was December 31, 2023. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for survival time of ART HIV/AIDS cases. Results A total of 1 015 HIV/AIDS cases were included. The median age was 30.00 (interquartile range, 6.00) years. There were 874 males (86.11%) and 141 females (13.89%). As of December 31, 2023, 175 cases died, including 104 deaths due to AIDS-related diseases, with a case fatality rate of 10.25%. The median survival time was 110.48 (interquartile range, 7.89) months. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the risk of death was lower in ART HIV/AIDS cases with homosexual contact infection (HR=0.486, 95%CI: 0.343-0.687), second-line treatment regimens (HR=0.263, 95%CI: 0.152-0.455), and CD4 cell count ≥200 cells/μL (200-<500 cells/μL, HR=0.209, 95%CI: 0.147-0.298; ≥500 cells/μL, HR=0.076, 95%CI: 0.044-0.132). The risk of death was higher in ART HIV/AIDS cases with viral load ≥1 000 copies/mL (HR=2.508, 95%CI: 1.774-3.546). Conclusions The survival time of HIV/AIDS cases receiving ART ≥5 years in Weinan City was mainly affected by route of infection, treatment regimen, CD4 cell count, and viral load. It is recommended to strengthen the monitoring and management of cases with high viral load, and carry out interventions for populations with different routes of infection, so as to reduce the case fatality rate and prolong survival time.
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Received: 17 October 2025
Revised: 12 January 2026
Published: 11 February 2026
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