|
|
|
| Current status of anorexia of aging in Qianjin District |
| ZHANG Fan1, DONG Xiaohong2
|
1. The First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, China;
2. Jiamusi College of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang 154007, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Objective To investigate the current status of anorexia of aging and its influencing factors in Qianjin District, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide the evidence for developing early identification and intervention programs for anorexia of aging. Methods In September 2025, a convenient sampling method was used to select community-dwelling elderly aged ≥60 years in Qianjin District, Jiamusi City, Heilongjiang Province as survey subjects. Demographic information, health status, and physical activity were collected through questionnaire survey. Dietary diversity, activities of daily living, and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Dietary Diversity Score, Simplified Modified Barthel Index, and Chinese Version of Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale, respectively. The Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire was used to assess anorexia of aging. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for anorexia of aging. Results A total of 300 questionnaires were distributed, and 295 valid questionnaires were collected, with a valid response rate of 98.33%. There were 137 males (46.44%) and 158 females (53.56%). There were 138 people aged 60-<70 years (46.78%). A total of 94 people were detected with anorexia of aging, with a detection rate of 31.86%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of anorexia of aging was higher in people aged ≥80 years (OR=8.230, 95%CI: 1.492-45.395), eating alone (OR=29.692, 95%CI: 5.183-170.082), chewing difficulty (OR=6.047, 95%CI: 1.508-24.244), swallowing difficulty (OR=22.083, 95%CI: 1.989-245.113), number of chronic diseases ≥2 (OR=10.119, 95%CI: 1.668-61.388), and higher depressive symptom scores (OR=2.796, 95%CI: 1.666-4.693). The risk of anorexia of aging was lower in people engaged in mental work (OR=0.272, 95%CI: 0.074-0.995), occasional physical activity (OR=0.151, 95%CI: 0.028-0.827), higher dietary diversity scores (OR=0.622, 95%CI: 0.473-0.818), and higher activities of daily living scores (OR=0.748, 95%CI: 0.605-0.925). Conclusion The detection rate of anorexia of aging was relatively high in Qianjin District, which was mainly affected by age, eating alone, physiological function, number of chronic diseases, depressive symptoms, frequency of physical activity, dietary diversity, and activities of daily living.
|
|
Received: 03 November 2025
Revised: 22 December 2025
Published: 11 February 2026
|
|
|
|
|
|
[1] MORLEY J E,SILVER A J.Anorexia in the elderly[J].Neurobiol Aging,1988,9(1):9-16.
[2] LANDI F,CALVANI R,TOSATO M,et al.Anorexia of aging:risk factors,consequences,and potential treatments[J/OL].Nutrients,2016,8(2)[2025-12-22].http://doi.org/10.3390/nu8020069.
[3] LI W J,NI Y Y,CHEN H X,et al.Global prevalence of anorexia and appetite loss among older adults:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J/OL].Age Ageing,2025,54(9)[2025-12-22].http://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afaf249.
[4] 刘厚莲. 中国式现代化进程中人口结构变动的影响与应对[J].中共中央党校(国家行政学院)学报,2024,28(5):129-139.
[5] LANDI F,PICCA A,CALVANI R,et al.Anorexia of aging:assessment and management[J].Clin Geriatr Med,2017,33(3):315-323.
[6] ALTHUBAITI A.Sample size determination:a practical guide for health researchers[J].J Gen Fam Med,2022,24(2):72-78.
[7] WANG Y J,YE S,CHEN L,et al.Loss of appetite in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is associated with weight loss and anxiety/depression[J/OL].Sci Rep,2021,11[2025-12-22].http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88755-x.
[8] WILSON M G,THOMAS D R,RUBENSTEIN L Z,et al.Appetite assessment:simple appetite questionnaire predicts weight loss in community-dwelling adults and nursing home residents[J].Am J Clin Nutr,2005,82(5):1074-1081.
[9] 冯高洁,孙晓红,刘晓红.老年厌食症研究进展[J].中国临床保健杂志,2025,28(2):208-213.
[10] FENG G J,SUN X H,WANG Q M,et al.Reliability and validity of Chinese version of the Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire(SNAQ) in community-dwelling old people[J].Geriatr Nurs,2024,59:351-356.
[11] 焦玮玉,周倩,王东平,等.内蒙古乌海市居民膳食多样化与血脂水平的关系[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2017,21(5):453-456,460.
[12] 《营养学报》编辑部.《中国居民膳食指南(2022)》在京发布[J].营养学报,2022,44(6):521-522.
[13] LEUNG S O C,CHAN C C H,SHAH S.Development of a Chinese version of the Modified Barthel Index:validity and reliability[J].Clin Rehabil,2007,21(10):912-922.
[14] 王赛华,施加加,孙莹,等.简体版改良Barthel指数在脑卒中恢复期中的信度与效度研究[J].中国康复,2020,35(4):179-182.
[15] 张红. 中文版GDS-15和PHQ-9在老年人抑郁评估中的适用性分析[D].济南:山东大学,2020.
[16] 唐丹. 简版老年抑郁量表(GDS-15)在中国老年人中的使用[J].中国临床心理学杂志,2013,21(3):402-405.
[17] FENG G J,LIU C,SUN X H,et al.Comparative effects of oral nutritional supplementation vs.nutritional education on appetite and weight in older adults with anorexia of aging:a 12-week non-randomized controlled trial[J/OL].Front Nutr,2025,12[2025-12-22].http://doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2025.1606008.
[18] KMIEĆ Z,PÉTERVÁRI E,BALASKÓ M,et al.Anorexia of aging[J].Vitam Horm,2013,92:319-355.
[19] SCHEUFELE P,RAPPL A,VISSER M,et al.Characterisation of community-dwelling older adults with poor appetite[J].Eur J Nutr,2023,62(5):1991-2000.
[20] FIELDING R A,LANDI F,SMOYER K E,et al.Association of anorexia/appetite loss with malnutrition and mortality in older populations:a systematic literature review[J].J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle,2023,14(2):706-729.
[21] WIJNHOVEN H A,VAN DER MEIJ B S,VISSER M.Variety within a cooked meal increases meal energy intake in older women with a poor appetite[J].Appetite,2015,95:571-576.
[22] WYSOKIŃSKI A,SOBÓW T,KŁOSZEWSKA I,et al.Mechanisms of the anorexia of aging-a review[J/OL].Age,2015,37(4)[2025-12-22].http://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-015-9821-x.
[23] LANDI F,LATTANZIO F,DELL' AQUILA G,et al.Prevalence and potentially reversible factors associated with anorexia among older nursing home residents:results from the ULISSE project[J].J Am Med Dir Assoc,2013,14(2):119-124. |
|
|
|
