Correlation between body mass index and the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis
LI Juan1, PAN Zhi1, WEI Xiaojie2, CHEN Wei1
1. Gulou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Gulou District Institute of Public Health Supervision), Nanjing, Jiangsu 210015, China; 2. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, China
Abstract：Objective To investigate the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), so as to provide evidence for optimizing comprehensive COPD prevention and control strategies. Methods Cohort studies on the correlation between BMI and COPD published from database inception to June 15, 2026, were retrieved from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang Data, China Biology Medicine disc, and VIP. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effects model to estimate the pooled risk. Sensitivity analysis was conducted using the leave-one-out method, and Egger's regression test was used to assess publication bias. Results A total of 14 140 articles were retrieved, and 7 high-quality articles involving 7 046 655 participants were included. Meta-analysis showed that, compared with the normal BMI group, the underweight group had an increased risk of COPD (HR=1.575, 95%CI: 1.449-1.713), and the overweight group had a decreased risk (HR=0.896, 95%CI: 0.865-0.927). The risk of COPD was not statistically significant in the obesity group (HR=1.022, 95%CI: 0.957-1.092). Sensitivity analysis showed that after sequentially excluding any one article, the effect sizes across the various BMI groups were consistent with those in the primary analysis, indicating that the results were relatively stable. Egger's regression test showed no publication bias. Conclusions Underweight was associated with an increased risk of COPD, while overweight was associated with a decreased risk of COPD. No statistically significant association was observed between obesity and COPD risk. It is recommended to pay close attention to the COPD risk among populations with abnormal BMI levels.
李娟, 潘志, 韦晓洁, 陈伟. 体质指数与慢性阻塞性肺疾病发病关联的Meta分析[J]. 预防医学, 2026, 38(10): 1042-1046.
LI Juan, PAN Zhi, WEI Xiaojie, CHEN Wei. Correlation between body mass index and the incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a meta-analysis. Preventive Medicine, 2026, 38(10): 1042-1046.
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