Mediating effects of mindfulness level on resilience and symptoms of anxiety and depression among healthcare workers
DING Baoying1,2, FENG Wenxue1,2, ZHOU Peizhen2,3, HE Hua1,2, DUAN Wenhua4, WANG Mei4, JIANG Wenguo4, WANG Wenjun5
1. School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China; 2. School of Nursing, Jining Medical College, Jining, Shandong 272067, China; 3. North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063210, China; 4. Jining Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jining, Shandong 272000, China; 5. Weifang Nursing Vocational College, Weifang, Shandong 262500, China
Abstract：Objective To examine the mediating effects of mindfulness level on resilience and symptoms of anxiety and depression among healthcare workers, so as to provide the reference for developing effective psychological intervention. Methods The clinical doctors, nurses and public health professionals were selected using the stratified random cluster sampling method from hospitals, disease prevention and control centers, and health departments in five cities in Shandong Province, including Qingdao, Jinan, Rizhao, Jining and Liaocheng in January 2023. Basic information, mindfulness level, resilience and symptoms of anxiety and depression among healthcare workers were collected using general demographic questionnaires, the 5-item Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire, respectively. The Process program was used to analyze the mediating effects of mindfulness level on resilience and symptoms of anxiety and depression. Results A total of 1 836 healthcare workers were investigated, including 472 males (25.71%) and 1 364 females (74.29%), and the median age was 39 (interquartile range, 12) years. There were 629 clinical doctors (34.26%), 963 nurses (52.45%) and 244 public health professionals (13.29%). The median scores of mindfulness level and resilience were 22 (interquartile range, 7) and 20 (interquartile range, 4) points, respectively. The detection rates of anxiety and depression symptoms were 49.78% and 72.28%, respectively. The mediation analysis showed that mindfulness level exerted a partial mediating effect between resilience and anxiety symptoms (β=-0.510, P<0.001), with a direct effect value of -0.130 and a mediating effect value of -0.046, and the mediating effect accounted for 26.14% of the total effect; mindfulness level also exerted a partial mediating effect between resilience and depression symptoms (β=-0.575, P<0.001), with a direct effect value of -0.120 and a mediating effect value of -0.052, and the mediating effect accounted for 30.23% of the total effect. Conclusion Mindfulness level plays a mediating effect between resilience and symptoms of anxiety and depression among healthcare workers.
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