Characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus infection among hospitalized children in Ningbo City
MAO Bibo1, LU Wenbo1, CHEN Changshui2, QIU Haiyan2, LIU Wenyuan2
1. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Ningbo University Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315012, China; 2. Ningbo University Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315012, China
Abstract：Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in hospitalized children in Ningbo City, so as to provide insights into developing prevention and control strategies for RSV. Methods Basic information, clinical data and throat swab samples were collected from hospitalized children with respiratory infection in Ningbo University Affiliated Women and Children's Hospital from July 2019 to December 2023. Multiple fluorescence PCR-capillary electrophoresis was employed to detect nucleic acids of 11 non-bacterial respiratory pathogens. RSV detection in hospitalized children by time, gender and age was descriptively analyzed. Results A total of 49 449 throat swab samples of hospitalized children with respiratory infections were detected. There were 4 310 samples positive for RSV, with a detection rate of 8.72%. The detection of positive specimens peaked from November to February in 2019 and 2020, from August to October in 2021, and from May to September in 2023. The RSV detection rate in boys was higher than that in girls (9.25% vs. 8.04%, P<0.05). The detection rate of RSV was highest in the children under 1 year of age (16.37%). The RSV detection rate tended to decrease with age (P<0.05). Among the specimens with positive RSV detection, 3 407 were positive for RSV alone (79.05%), while 903 were detected as mixed infections (20.95%). The non-bacterial pathogens with higher percentages of mixed detection were human rhinovirus, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and human parainfluenza virus. Conclusion Atypical seasonal epidemic of RSV infections appeared in 2021 and 2023 among hospitalized children in Ningbo City, with high detection rates in boys and children under 1 year of age, and a certain percentage of mixed infections.
[1] KRILOV L R,ROBERTS N J.Respiratory syncytial virus(RSV)update[J/OL].Viruses,2022,14(10)[2024-09-13].https://doi.org/10.3390/v14102110. [2] BERMÚDEZ BARREZUETA L,MATÍAS DEL POZO V,LÓPEZ-CASILLAS P,et al.Variation in the seasonality of the respiratory syncytial virus during the COVID-19 pandemic[J].Infection,2022,50(4):1001-1005. [3] WANG X,LI Y,DELORIA-KNOLL M,et al.Global burden of acute lower respiratory infection associated with human metapneumovirus in children under 5 years in2018:a systematic review and modelling study[J/OL].Lancet Glob Health,2021,9(1)[2024-09-13].https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30393-4. [4] 从兵兵,邓舒予,马士豪,等.中国5岁以下儿童个体呼吸道合胞病毒重症感染风险预测工具开发及验证[J].中华预防医学杂志,2024,58(8):1135-1142. [5] LEIJA-MARTÍNEZ J J,ESPARZA-MIRANDA L A,RIVERA-ALFARO G,et al.Impact of nonpharmaceutical interventions during the COVID-19 pandemic on the prevalence of respiratory syncytial virus in hospitalized children with lower respiratory tract infections:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J/OL].Viruses,2024,16(3)[2024-09-13].https://doi.org/10.3390/v16030429. [6] 任帆,施妍尔,嵇龙飞,等.湖州市儿童急性下呼吸道感染病原体流行特征[J].预防医学,2021,33(6):595-598. [7] 黄晓文,庞珍珍,周斐斐,等.2018—2023年杭州市儿童呼吸道合胞病毒感染流行特征[J].中华医院感染学杂志,2024,34(6):907-911. [8] 江载芳,申昆玲,沈颖.诸福棠实用儿科学(第9版)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2022. [9] 王卫平,孙锟,常立文,等.儿科学(第9版)[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2018. [10] RUCKWARDT T J.The road to approved vaccines for respiratory syncytial virus[J].NPJ Vaccines,2023,8(1):138-145. [11] 陆飞越,姚凤燕,沈智健,等.平湖市非细菌性呼吸道感染病原学监测结果[J].预防医学,2024,36(3):239-242. [12] OBANDO-PACHECO P,JUSTICIA-GRANDE A J,RIVERO-CALLE I,et al.Respiratory syncytial virus seasonality:a global overview[J].J Infect Dis,2018,217(9):1356-1364. [13] ZHANG Y W,YUAN L C,ZHANG Y M,et al.Burden of respiratory syncytial virus infections in China:systematic review and meta-analysis[J/OL].J Glob Health,2015,5(2)[2024-09-13].https://doi.org/10.7189/jogh.05.020417. [14] EDEN J S,SIKAZWE C,XIE R,et al.Off-season RSV epidemics in Australia after easing of COVID-19 restrictions[J/OL].Nat Commun,2022,13(1)[2024-09-13].https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-30485-3. [15] 孟磊俊,王洁,蔡沁,等.新型冠状病毒流行前后上海单中心住院儿童常见呼吸道病毒及非典型病原体感染变化[J].中华微生物学和免疫学杂志,2023,43(3):222-229. [16] 曹贝贝,翟宇,段素霞,等.2019—2023年河北地区儿童呼吸道合胞病毒流行特征分析[J].中华微生物学和免疫学杂志,2024,44(2):142-148. [17] HU M,BOGOYEVITCH M A,JANS D A.Impact of respiratory syncytial virus infection on host functions:implications for antiviral strategies[J].Physiol Rev,2020,100(4):1527-1594. [18] 吕玉洋,徐婧玥,张贺平.天津单中心呼吸道合胞病毒感染儿童的流行病学特征研究[J].中华微生物学和免疫学杂志,2024,44(2):149-154.
