Abstract：Objective To investigate the influencing factors for sarcopenia among the elderly, so as to provide the evidence for developing prevention and control strategies for sarcopenia among the elderly. Methods From April 2023 to October 2025, a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method was used to select elderly individuals aged ≥60 years in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province as survey participants. Demographic information, lifestyle behaviors, and indicators including height, weight, and waist circumference were collected through questionnaire surveys and physical examinations, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Appendicular skeletal muscle mass was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis, and the appendicular skeletal muscle mass index was calculated. Muscle strength and physical function were assessed using handgrip strength test and 6-meter gait speed test. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the 2019 Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia Consensus on Diagnosis and Treatment. Factors affecting sarcopenia among the elderly were analyzed using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results A total of 4 095 elderly individuals were surveyed, with a mean age of (71.17±6.89) years. There were 1 773 males (43.30%) and 2 322 females (56.70%). Sarcopenia was detected in 539 cases, with a prevalence of 13.16% (95%CI: 12.13%-14.20%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that elderly individuals aged ≥70 years (70-<80 years, OR=2.709, 95%CI: 2.069-3.547; 80-<90 years, OR=10.574, 95%CI: 7.615-14.681; ≥90 years, OR=16.729, 95%CI: 6.681-41.887), those with underweight (OR=5.239, 95%CI: 3.394-8.807), and those who did not consume meat and poultry daily (OR=7.739, 95%CI: 5.871-10.202) had a higher risk of sarcopenia. Conversely, the elderly with overweight or obesity (OR=0.071, 95%CI: 0.050-0.100) had a lower risk of sarcopenia. Conclusions The risk of sarcopenia among the elderly was associated with age, BMI, and meat and poultry intake. For the elderly with advanced age or low BMI, optimizing dietary patterns and promoting appropriate physical activity are recommended.
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