1. School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830017, China; 2. Mulei Kazakh Autonomous County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Mulei, Xinjiang 831900, China; 3. Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830002, China
Abstract：Objective To analyze the effects of fine particulate matter, inhalable particulate matter (PM10), sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide and ozone on the incidence of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Changji City, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, so as to provide evidence for optimizing prevention and control strategies for acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Methods Data on the incidence of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events in Changji City from 2023 to 2024 were collected through the China Surveillance Information System of Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events, and corresponding data on ambient air pollutants were obtained from the China Air Quality Online Monitoring Platform. A generalized additive model (GAM) was used to analyze the lag effects between air pollutants and the incidence of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events. Subgroup analyses were conducted by sex and age. Results A total of 3 796 cases of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were reported in Changji City from 2023 to 2024. The median daily number of incident cases was 4.00 (interquartile range, 5.00). The results of GAM analysis showed that at lag day 3, each 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10 concentration was associated with a 0.9% increase in the risk of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (RR=1.009, 95%CI: 1.000-1.018). At lag day 1, each 10 μg/m3 increase in NO2 concentration was associated with a 5.3% increase in the risk of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (RR=1.053, 95%CI: 1.001-1.108). Subgroup analysis showed that, for PM10, the risk of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events among women increased by 1.3% at lag day 0 (RR=1.013, 95%CI: 1.001-1.024), 1.3% at lag day 3 (RR=1.013, 95%CI: 1.002-1.024), and 1.7% over the cumulative lag period of 0-3 days (RR=1.017, 95%CI: 1.002-1.032). For NO2, the risk among women increased by 7.2% at lag day 1 (RR=1.072, 95%CI: 1.004-1.144), 7.5% at lag day 2 (RR=1.075, 95%CI: 1.009-1.145), 10.0% over the cumulative lag period of 0-2 days (RR=1.100, 95%CI: 1.014-1.194), and 9.6% over the cumulative lag period of 0-3 days (RR=1.096, 95%CI: 1.005-1.195). Among people aged <65 years, the risk of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events increased by 7.0% at lag day 1 (RR=1.070, 95%CI: 1.004-1.140), 8.5% over the cumulative lag period of 0-1 day (RR=1.085, 95%CI: 1.007-1.169), and 9.6% over the cumulative lag period of 0-2 days (RR=1.096, 95%CI: 1.012-1.186). Conclusions PM10 and NO2 concentrations in Changji City were positively associated with the risk of acute cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events, with lag effects observed. Women and people aged <65 years were more susceptible to the effects of these air pollutants.
[1] 厚磊,吴静,张明涛,等.急性心脑血管事件的定义和国际疾病分类编码[J].中华医学杂志,2019,99(37):2951-2954. [2] 国家心血管病中心.中国心血管健康与疾病报告2024[M].北京:中国协和医科大学出版社,2025. [3] 王陇德,常继乐,张宗久.中国脑卒中防治报告2019[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2020. [4] Testai F D,Gorelick P B,Chuang P Y,et al.Cardiac contributions to brain health:a scientific statement from the American heart association[J].Stroke,2024,55(12):425-438. [5] De Bont J,Jaganathan S,Dahlquist M,et al.Ambient air pollution and cardiovascular diseases:an umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses[J].J Intern Med,2022,291(6):779-800. [6] Consul P C,Famoye F.Generalized poisson regression model[J].Commun Stat Theory Meth,1992,21(1):89-109. [7] 李欢. 2015—2022年呼和浩特市大气污染物及极端气温对居民心脑血管疾病死亡的影响[D].呼和浩特:内蒙古医科大学,2025:10-11. [8] 张耀怡. 兰州市主要空气污染物与心血管疾病住院风险的关联研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2024:8-9. [9] Zhang Y F,Ma Y X,Feng F L,et al.Association between PM10 and specific circulatory system diseases in China[J/OL].Sci Rep,2021,11(1)[2026-08-05].http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-91637-x. [10] 张艳丽,张培,徐承中,等.空气污染与急性心肌梗死的相关性研究[J].预防医学,2021,33(5):479-483. [11] Suwa T,Hogg J C,Quinlan K B,et al.Particulate air pollution induces progression of atherosclerosis[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2002,39(6):935-942. [12] Zhang Q L,Du X H,Li H C,et al.Cardiovascular effects of traffic-related air pollution:a multi-omics analysis from a randomized,crossover trial[J/OL].J Hazard Mater,2022,435[2026-08-05].http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129031. [13] 时巧梅,夏俊鹏,解晔,等.扬州市大气NO2与脑卒中急性发病的时间序列研究[J].环境卫生学杂志,2024,14(12):969-974,994. [14] Liao M Y,Braunstein Z,Rao X Q.Sex differences in particulate air pollution-related cardiovascular diseases:a review of human and animal evidence[J/OL].Sci Total Environ,2023,884[2026-08-05].http://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163803. [15] Sun Y X,Brimblecombe P,Wei P,et al.High resolution on-road air pollution using a large taxi-based mobile sensor network[J/OL].Sensors(Basel),2022,22(16)[2026-08-05].http://doi.org/10.3390/s22166005.
