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预防医学  2026, Vol. 38 Issue (4): 419-422    DOI: 10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2026.04.021
  疾病控制 本期目录 | 过刊浏览 | 高级检索 |
湖州市噪声作业工人高频听力损失的影响因素分析
周义, 章奇, 刘弢
湖州市疾病预防控制中心(湖州市卫生监督所),浙江 湖州 313000
Influencing factors for high-frequency hearing loss among noise-exposed workers in Huzhou City
ZHOU Yi, ZHANG Qi, LIU Tao
Huzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Huzhou Institute of Public Health Supervision),Huzhou, Zhejiang 313000, China
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摘要 目的 了解浙江省湖州市噪声作业工人高频听力损失情况及影响因素,为有效防控职业性噪声危害提供依据。方法 通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统职业病及健康危害因素监测信息系统收集2023年湖州市在岗噪声作业工人职业健康检查个案资料,包括性别、年龄和双耳高频平均听阈结果等,将双耳高频平均听阈(3 000、4 000和6 000 Hz)≥40 dB判定为高频听力损失。采用多因素logistic回归模型分析噪声作业工人高频听力损失的影响因素。结果 纳入噪声作业工人73 550人,其中男性54 610人,占74.25%;女性18 940人,占25.75%。年龄MQR)为44.04(0.16)岁。工龄MQR)为5.38(0.07)年。检出高频听力损失7 556人,检出率为10.27%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(男,OR=2.541 ,95%CI: 2.370~2.724)、工龄(6~<10年,OR=1.208 ,95%CI: 1.135~1.285;≥10年,OR=1.351 ,95%CI: 1.266~1.441)、地区(南浔区,OR=2.069 ,95%CI: 1.903~2.249;德清县,OR=1.558 ,95%CI: 1.450~1.673;长兴县,OR=1.439 ,95%CI: 1.349~1.534;安吉县,OR=1.214 ,95%CI: 1.120~1.316)、企业规模(大型,OR=0.485 ,95%CI: 0.416~0.565;中型,OR=0.440 ,95%CI: 0.381~0.509;小型,OR=0.608 ,95%CI: 0.530~0.698)、行业类别(制造业,OR=1.088 ,95%CI: 1.025~1.155)和经济类型(私有/其他,OR=1.555 ,95%CI: 1.174~2.059)是噪声作业工人高频听力损失的影响因素。结论 湖州市噪声作业工人高频听力损失检出率较高,与性别、工龄、地区、企业规模、行业类别和经济类型因素有关,需强化职业健康监测与个体防护。
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周义
章奇
刘弢
关键词 噪声暴露高频听力损失职业卫生    
AbstractObjective To investigate the prevalence of high-frequency hearing loss and analyze its influencing factors among noise-exposed workers in Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide evidence for effective prevention and control of occupational noise hazards. Methods Individual case data of in-service noise-exposed workers undergoing occupational health examinations in Huzhou City in 2023 were collected through the Occupational Disease and Health Hazard Factors Monitoring Information System of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Data included gender, age, and results of binaural high-frequency average hearing threshold. High-frequency hearing loss was defined as binaural high-frequency average hearing threshold (at 3 000, 4 000, and 6 000 Hz) ≥40 dB. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze influencing factors for high-frequency hearing loss among noise-exposed workers. Results A total of 73 550 noise-exposed workers were included, of whom 54 610 (74.25%) were males and 18 940 (25.75%) were females. The median age was 44.04 (interquartile range, 0.16) years. The median length of service was 5.38 (interquartile range, 0.07) years. A total of 7 556 cases of high-frequency hearing loss were identified, with a detection rate of 10.27%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that gender (male, OR=2.541, 95%CI: 2.370-2.724), length of service (6-<10 years, OR=1.208, 95%CI: 1.135-1.285; ≥10 years, OR=1.351, 95%CI: 1.266-1.441), region (Nanxun District, OR=2.069, 95%CI: 1.903-2.249; Deqing County, OR=1.558, 95%CI: 1.450-1.673; Changxing County, OR=1.439, 95%CI: 1.349-1.534; Anji County, OR=1.214, 95%CI: 1.120-1.316), enterprise scale (large, OR=0.485, 95%CI: 0.416-0.565; medium, OR=0.440, 95%CI: 0.381-0.509; small, OR=0.608, 95%CI: 0.530-0.698), industry category (manufacturing, OR=1.088, 95%CI: 1.025-1.155), and economic type (private/other, OR=1.555, 95%CI: 1.174-2.059) were influencing factors for high-frequency hearing loss among noise-exposed workers. Conclusions The detection rate of high-frequency hearing loss among noise-exposed workers in Huzhou City is relatively high, and is associated with gender, length of service, region, enterprise scale, industry category, and economic type. Strengthened occupational health monitoring and individual protection are warranted.
Key wordsnoise-exposed    high-frequency hearing loss    occupational health
收稿日期: 2026-01-16      修回日期: 2026-03-14      出版日期: 2026-04-10
中图分类号:  R135.8  
作者简介: 周义,硕士,医师,主要从事职业卫生工作
通信作者: 刘弢,E-mail:zjhzcdc@126.com   
引用本文:   
周义, 章奇, 刘弢. 湖州市噪声作业工人高频听力损失的影响因素分析[J]. 预防医学, 2026, 38(4): 419-422.
ZHOU Yi, ZHANG Qi, LIU Tao. Influencing factors for high-frequency hearing loss among noise-exposed workers in Huzhou City. Preventive Medicine, 2026, 38(4): 419-422.
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https://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/10.19485/j.cnki.issn2096-5087.2026.04.021      或      https://www.zjyfyxzz.com/CN/Y2026/V38/I4/419
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