Association between high normal blood pressure, hypertension and microalbuminuria
LI Qing1, PAN Ningning1, LIU Min1, LI Yuan2, ZHANG Puhong2, BAI Yamin1, XU Jianwei1
1. National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China; 2. The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100088, China
Abstract：Objective To investigate the association between high normal blood pressure, hypertension and microalbuminuria (MAU), so as to provide the basis for early screening and prevention of renal injury caused by hypertension. Methods A multi-stage cluster random sampling method was used to select permanent residents aged 18 to 75 years from six provinces including Hebei, Hunan, Sichuan, Heilongjiang, Qinghai and Jiangxi from September to October 2021. Basic information and lifestyle behaviors were collected through questionnaires. Indices including height, weight and blood pressure were measured. Urinary microalbumin and creatinine were measured in 24-hour urine samples. The associations between high normal blood pressure, hypertension, and MAU were analyzed by using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results A total of 1 982 residents were surveyed, with 996 residents aged <50 years (50.25%) and 986 residents aged ≥50 years (49.75%). There were 958 males (48.34%) and 1 024 females (51.66%). Normal blood pressure was observed in 653 residents (32.95%), high normal blood pressure in 748 (37.74%) and hypertension in 581 (29.31%). MAU was detected in 164 participants, with a detection rate of 8.27%. The detection rates of MAU among residents with normal blood pressure, high normal blood pressure, and hypertension were 2.14%, 8.16% and 15.32%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender, age, educational level, smoking, alcohol consumption, regular exercise and body mass index, the residents with high normal blood pressure (OR=3.535, 95%CI: 1.898-6.585) and hypertension (OR=7.232, 95%CI: 3.808-13.732) had higher risks of MAU compared to those with normal blood pressure; the residents with hypertension (OR=1.914, 95%CI: 1.340-2.735) had a higher risk of MAU compared to those with high normal blood pressure. Conclusion High normal blood pressure and hypertension are associated with an increased risk of MAU.
李晴, 潘宁宁, 刘敏, 李园, 张普洪, 白雅敏, 徐建伟. 正常高值血压、高血压与微量白蛋白尿的关联研究[J]. 预防医学, 2024, 36(11): 961-964.
LI Qing, PAN Ningning, LIU Min, LI Yuan, ZHANG Puhong, BAI Yamin, XU Jianwei. Association between high normal blood pressure, hypertension and microalbuminuria. Preventive Medicine, 2024, 36(11): 961-964.
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