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| Association between obesity and pulmonary function impairment |
| WU Wujun1, LI Xiaoqin1, WANG Yuduo1, HUANG Jingze1, HUANG Yilu2, LU Feng3, WANG Liangyou2
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1. Xianju County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xianju, Zhejiang 317300, China;
2. Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Taizhou Institute of Public Health Supervision), Taizhou, Zhejiang 318000, China;
3. Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310051, China |
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Abstract Objective To investigate the association between obesity and pulmonary function impairment, so as to provide the evidence for the early identification and intervention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods From 2021 to 2024, permanent residents aged 35 to 75 years in Xianju County, Zhejiang Province, were selected by convenience sampling. Initial screening was conducted using the COPD screening questionnaire, and participants with a score of ≥16 points were included in the field screening. Demographic information and disease history were collected through questionnaire surveys. Height, weight, and waist circumference were measured through physical examinations, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and percentage of predicted FEV1 (FEV1%pre) were measured, and FEV1/FVC was calculated. Pulmonary function was classified as normal pulmonary function, preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm), and airflow obstruction. The association between obesity and pulmonary function impairment was analyzed using a multinomial logistic regression model. Results A total of 2 007 individuals were included, with 1 010 (50.32%) males and 997 (49.68%) females. There were 1 210 individuals aged 65 to 75 years, accounting for 60.29%. There were 930 individuals with overweight/obesity, accounting for 46.34%. There were 640 individuals with central obesity, accounting for 31.90%. There were 396, 107, and 534 individuals with general obesity only, central obesity only, and combined obesity, accounting for 19.73%, 5.33%, and 26.61%, respectively. There were 1 563 164, and 280 individuals with normal lung function, PRISm, and airflow obstruction, accounting for 77.88%, 8.17%, and 13.95%, respectively. Multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that overweight/obesity (OR=1.518, 95%CI: 1.082-2.132), central obesity (OR=1.683, 95%CI: 1.196-2.368), central obesity only (OR=2.204, 95%CI: 1.133-4.287), and combined obesity (OR=1.877, 95%CI: 1.257-2.804) were significantly associated with a higher risk of PRISm, while underweight (OR=2.724, 95%CI: 1.358-5.462) was significantly associated with a higher risk of airflow obstruction. Conclusion Obesity, especially central obesity, may increase the risk of PRISm, while underweight may increase the risk of airflow obstruction.
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Received: 26 January 2026
Revised: 10 April 2026
Published: 27 May 2026
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