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| Epidemiological characteristics and spatial clustering of brucellosis in Qinhuangdao City from 2015 to 2024 |
| SUN Hongyu, LÜ Yumeng, WANG Chen, WANG Dantong, TAO Xu
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| Qinhuangdao Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Qinhuangdao Institute of Public Health Supervision), Qinhuangdao, Hebei 066000, China |
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Abstract Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and spatio-temporal clustering characteristics of brucellosis in Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province from 2015 to 2024, so as to provide the evidence for formulating brucellosis prevention and control strategies. Methods Data on reported brucellosis cases in Qinhuangdao City from 2015 to 2024 were collected through the Infectious Disease Reporting Information System of China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the temporal, demographic and regional distribution characteristics of brucellosis. Spatial autocorrelation analysis was used to analyze the spatial clustering of cases, and spatio-temporal scan analysis was used to analyze spatio-temporal clustering. Results A total of 1 789 human brucellosis cases were reported in Qinhuangdao City from 2015 to 2024, with an average annual reported incidence of 5.76/105. The reported incidence ranged from 4.11/105 to 7.72/105, with statistically significant variation (P<0.05). The incidence peak occurred from March to July, with 1 097 cases, accounting for 61.32% of the total. There were 1 348 male cases and 441 female cases, with a male-to-female ratio of 3.06∶1. The majority of cases were aged 50-<60 years and farmers, with 535 cases (29.90%) and 1 592 cases (88.99%), respectively. Changli County had a relatively high average annual reported incidence of 11.06/105. Spatial autocorrelation analysis revealed a positive spatial correlation of brucellosis incidence from 2015 to 2024 (all P<0.05). High-high clusters were mainly townships in Changli County, southern Qinhuangdao City, while low-low clusters were concentrated in the eastern urban area. Spatio-temporal scan analysis identified one primary cluster centered on Huangdianzhuang Town, Changli County, covering seven townships, with the clustering period from 2019 to 2023. Conclusions Brucellosis in Qinhuangdao City presented a high incidence in spring and summer from 2015 to 2024. Males, middle-aged and elderly people, and farmers were the key populations for prevention and control. The disease showed obvious spatio-temporal clustering, and townships in southern Changli County were the priority areas for brucellosis prevention and control.
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Received: 05 January 2026
Revised: 20 March 2026
Published: 22 June 2026
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