Abstract：Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of intensive lifestyle intervention on rural residents with metabolic syndrome （MS）. Methods A total of 253 patients with MS selected from cross-sectional survey were divided into intensive lifestyle intervention and conventional management group incomplete randomly. Aimed to control weight,patients in the intervention group were treated with dietary control and exercise guidance. Besides,their compliances were assessed. In conventional management group,patients were disposed according to chronic disease management specification. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical markers detection were carried out in both groups at baseline and at the end of 6 months. Results These main anthropometric measurements and biochemical markers have no significant difference between the intervention group and conventional management group at the baseline （P>0.05）. After 6 months intensive lifestyle modification,the prevalence of MS did not significantly differ between the two groups:it was 67.14% in the intervention group and 60.95% in the conventional management group（P>0.05）.In the intervention group,the body weight,BMI and the waist circumference were decreased by 3.11 kg,1.50 kg/m2,4.29 cm,respectively,and 1.23 kg,0.47 kg/m2,1.22 cm in the conventional management group. The changes were significantly larger in the intervention group than in the conventional management group （P<0.01）.Uric acid,triglyceride were decreased by 14.30 μmol/L,0.01 mmol/L,respectively,in the intervention group and in the conventional management group they were increased by 18.17 μmol/L and 0.41 mmol/L conversely. While the high density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased by 0.02 mmol/L,it was decreased by 0.10 mmol/L in the conventional management group （P<0.01）. Body weight and BMI decreased by 3.93kg and 1.40 kg/m2 in the high compliance group,compared to low compliance group,there was statistically difference with regard to this change between the two groups （P<0.05）. While the body fat% was decreased by 2.27%,and it was increased by 1.01% in the conventional management group （P<0.05）. Conclusion For rural residents,the beneficial effects of intensive lifestyle intervention are improving metabolic risk factors. The compliance is the main factor of the effects of intervention.
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