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| Surveillance results of influenza-like illness among children aged 0 to 14 years in Heilongjiang Province |
| LENG Yan, XU Jun, SHI Xin, SHU Chang, XIA Fengyang, WANG Yufeng
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| Heilongjiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, China |
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Abstract Objective To analyze the characteristics of influenza-like illness (ILI) and etiological monitoring results among children aged 0 to 14 years in Heilongjiang Province, so as to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control measures against influenza in children. Methods Data on ILI among children aged 0 to 14 years and pathogen surveillance results were collected from 18 influenza sentinel hospitals in Heilongjiang Province from 2020 to 2024 through the Chinese Influenza Surveillance Information System. The characteristics of ILI and the distribution of influenza viruses were descriptively analysed. Results From 2020 to 2024, 215 782 cases of ILI in children aged 0 to 14 were reported in Heilongjiang Province, accounting for 1.18% of all outpatient and emergency cases. The proportion of ILI among outpatient and emergency cases from 2020 to 2024 were 0.56%, 0.52%, 0.78%, 1.63% and 1.87%, respectively, showing an upward trend (P<0.05). The higher number of ILI was reported between November and March of the following year, with 32 784 cases, accounting for 15.19%. A total of 29 300 throat swab samples were collected, of which 2 595 were positive for influenza virus, with an overall detection rate of 8.86%. More positive specimens were detected in winter and spring, with 1 994 cases, accounting for 76.84%. The positive detection rate of influenza virus was higher in boys than in girls (9.23% vs. 8.46%, P<0.05). The positive detection rate was higher among students, at 13.64%. The influenza virus subtypes detected were influenza A (H1N1), influenza A (H3N2) and influenza B (Victoria lineage), accounting for 30.17%, 31.33% and 38.50%, respectively. No influenza B (Yamagata lineage) was detected. Influenza A(H3N2) was the predominant subtype in 2020, only influenza B (Victoria lineage) was detected in 2021, influenza A (H3N2) and influenza A (H1N1) were the predominant subtypes in 2023, and influenza B (Victoria lineage) was the predominant subtype in 2022 and 2024. Conclusions From 2020 to 2024, the proportion of ILI among children aged 0 to 14 years in Heilongjiang Province showed an upward trend, with peak incidence occurring in winter and spring. Boys and students were the key target population for prevention and control, and as dominant strains alternate in circulation, targeted monitoring and prevention measures need to be strengthened.
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Received: 04 December 2025
Revised: 19 February 2026
Published: 27 May 2026
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